The common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera), also called the aphid lion, is an important predator of pest species, especially aphids that cause serious damage in many crops in agriculture. Neuropeptides are involved in regulating various physiological processes in insects. However, there have not been many studies on the neuropeptides found in C. carnea. This study aimed to assemble and define a whole body- and head-specific transcriptome of C. carnea. Interestingly, we found 41 candidate neuropeptide genes to encode precursors, but 10 neuropeptide genes were not found, including kinin. Based on this original hypothesis that this important neuropeptide was lost during evolution in this important natural enemy, it will lose its effect when we expose C. carnea to kinin neuropeptide analogue. Therefore, we tested three kinin analogues 1728, 2460 and 2139, and assessed their effect on the survival of the important green-peach aphid (Myzus persicae) via topical application. We found that the 2460 analogue [HCA-R(Aib)WGa] effectively controlled aphids, leading to 46% mortality within 5 days post-exposure. In contrast, 2460 showed no significant lethal or sublethal effects on survival, food intake and weight increase, in the beneficial insect C. carnea. In conclusion, this work suggests that kinin analogues may offer biosafe insecticide compounds, and in turn promote the development of more biosafe and sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) pest control strategies that are based on the combination of peptide analogues and natural enemy insects.

常见的绿色草蛉Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera)，也称为蚜狮，是害虫物种的重要捕食者，尤其是对农业中许多作物造成严重破坏的蚜虫。神经肽参与调节昆虫的各种生理过程。然而，关于C. carnea中发现的神经肽的研究并不多。本研究旨在组装和定义C. carnea的全身和头部特异性转录组. 有趣的是，我们发现了 41 个候选神经肽基因来编码前体，但没有发现 10 个神经肽基因，包括激肽。基于这一原始假设，即这种重要的神经肽在这个重要的天敌的进化过程中丢失了，当我们将C. carnea暴露于激肽神经肽类似物时，它就会失去作用。因此，我们测试了三种激肽类似物 1728、2460 和 2139，并评估了它们对重要的桃蚜 ( Myzus persicae ) 生存的影响。) 通过局部应用。我们发现 2460 类似物 [HCA-R(Aib)WGa] 可有效控制蚜虫，在暴露后 5 天内导致 46% 的死亡率。相比之下，2460 对有益昆虫C. carnea的生存、食物摄入和体重增加没有显着的致死或亚致死影响。总之，这项工作表明激肽类似物可以提供生物安全的杀虫剂化合物，进而促进基于肽类似物和天敌昆虫组合的更生物安全和可持续的害虫综合治理 (IPM) 害虫防治策略的发展。