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Puberty Timing and Sex-Specific Trajectories of Systolic Blood Pressure: a Prospective Cohort Study
Hypertension ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-19 , DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18531
Kate N O'Neill 1 , Joshua A Bell 2, 3 , George Davey Smith 2, 3 , Kate Tilling 2, 3 , Patricia M Kearney 1 , Linda M O'Keeffe 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Background:Sex differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) emerge during adolescence but the role of puberty is not well understood. We examined sex-specific changes in SBP preceding and following puberty and examined the impact of puberty timing on SBP trajectories in females and males.Methods:Trajectories of SBP before and after puberty and by timing of puberty in females and males in a contemporary birth cohort study were analyzed. Repeated measures of height from age 5 to 20 years were used to identify puberty timing (age at peak height velocity). SBP was measured on ten occasions from 3 to 24 years (N participants, 4062; repeated SBP measures, 29 172). Analyses were performed using linear spline multilevel models based on time before and after puberty and were adjusted for parental factors and early childhood factors.Results:Mean age at peak height velocity was 11.7 years (SD, 0.8) for females and 13.6 years (SD, 0.9) for males. Males had faster rates of increase in SBP before puberty leading to 10.19 mm Hg (95% CI, 6.80–13.57) higher mean SBP at puberty which remained similar at 24 years (mean difference, 11.43 mm Hg [95% CI, 7.22–15.63]). Puberty timing was associated with small transient differences in SBP trajectories postpuberty in both sexes and small differences at 24 years in females only.Conclusions:A large proportion of the higher SBP observed in males compared with females in early adulthood is accrued before puberty. Interventions targeting puberty timing are unlikely to influence SBP in early adulthood.

中文翻译:

收缩压的青春期时间和性别特异性轨迹:一项前瞻性队列研究

背景:收缩压 (SBP) 的性别差异在青春期出现,但青春期的作用尚不清楚。我们检查了青春期前后 SBP 的性别特异性变化,并检查了青春期时间对女性和男性 SBP 轨迹的影响。方法:当代出生队列中女性和男性青春期前后的 SBP 轨迹以及青春期时间研究进行了分析。从 5 岁到 20 岁重复测量身高用于确定青春期时间(身高增长速度峰值的年龄)。从 3 岁到 24 岁,测量了 10 次 SBP(N 名参与者,4062 人;重复测量 SBP,29172 人)。使用基于青春期前后时间的线性样条多级模型进行分析,并根据父母因素和儿童早期因素进行调整。结果:女性达到最高身高速度的平均年龄为 11.7 岁(标准差,0.8),男性为 13.6 岁(标准差,0.9)。男性在青春期前 SBP 的增加速度更快,导致青春期平均 SBP 高 10.19 mm Hg(95% CI,6.80-13.57),在 24 年时保持相似(平均差异,11.43 mm Hg [95% CI,7.22-15.63) ]). 青春期时间与两性青春期后 SBP 轨迹的微小瞬时差异相关,仅与女性 24 岁时的微小差异相关。结论:与成年早期女性相比,在男性中观察到的较高 SBP 的很大一部分是在青春期之前累积的。针对青春期时间的干预不太可能影响成年早期的 SBP。男性在青春期前 SBP 的增加速度更快,导致青春期平均 SBP 高 10.19 mm Hg(95% CI,6.80-13.57),在 24 年时保持相似(平均差异,11.43 mm Hg [95% CI,7.22-15.63) ]). 青春期时间与两性青春期后 SBP 轨迹的微小瞬时差异相关,仅与女性 24 岁时的微小差异相关。结论:与成年早期女性相比,在男性中观察到的较高 SBP 的很大一部分是在青春期之前累积的。针对青春期时间的干预不太可能影响成年早期的 SBP。男性在青春期前 SBP 的增加速度更快,导致青春期平均 SBP 高 10.19 mm Hg(95% CI,6.80-13.57),在 24 年时保持相似(平均差异,11.43 mm Hg [95% CI,7.22-15.63) ]). 青春期时间与两性青春期后 SBP 轨迹的微小瞬时差异相关,仅与女性 24 岁时的微小差异相关。结论:与成年早期女性相比,在男性中观察到的较高 SBP 的很大一部分是在青春期之前累积的。针对青春期时间的干预不太可能影响成年早期的 SBP。青春期时间与两性青春期后 SBP 轨迹的微小瞬时差异相关,仅与女性 24 岁时的微小差异相关。结论:与成年早期女性相比,在男性中观察到的较高 SBP 的很大一部分是在青春期之前累积的。针对青春期时间的干预不太可能影响成年早期的 SBP。青春期时间与两性青春期后 SBP 轨迹的微小瞬时差异相关,仅与女性 24 岁时的微小差异相关。结论:与成年早期女性相比,在男性中观察到的较高 SBP 的很大一部分是在青春期之前累积的。针对青春期时间的干预不太可能影响成年早期的 SBP。
更新日期:2022-05-19
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