The BUB3 protein plays a key role in the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), a ubiquitous surveillance mechanism that ensures the fidelity of chromosome segregation in mitosis and, consequently, prevents chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy. Besides its role in SAC signaling, BUB3 regulates chromosome attachment to the spindle microtubules. It is also involved in telomere replication and maintenance. Deficiency of the BUB3 gene has been closely linked to premature aging. Upregulation of the BUB3 gene has been found in a variety of human cancers and is associated with poor prognoses. Here, we review the structure and functions of BUB3 in mitosis, its expression in cancer and association with survival prognoses, and its potential as an anticancer target.

中文翻译：

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BUB3，超越伙伴的简单角色

BUB3 蛋白在纺锤体组装检查点 (SAC) 的激活中起关键作用，这是一种普遍存在的监视机制，可确保有丝分裂中染色体分离的保真度，从而防止染色体错误分离和非整倍体。除了在 SAC 信号传导中的作用外，BUB3 还调节染色体与纺锤体微管的附着。它还参与端粒复制和维护。BUB3基因的缺乏与过早衰老密切相关。已在多种人类癌症中发现 BUB3 基因的上调，并且与预后不良有关。在这里，我们回顾了 BUB3 在有丝分裂中的结构和功能、它在癌症中的表达和与生存预后的关联，以及它作为抗癌靶点的潜力。