Abstract This study aims to investigate the influence of interpreter training and conference interpreting experience on anticipation, as measured by word-translation latencies in a semantically constrained context. It involved professional conference interpreters, on the one hand, and, on the other, interpreter trainees being tested at the beginning and at the end of their two-year training programme. Both groups were asked to translate words embedded at the end of high-context constraint sentences (thus easily predictable), low-context constraint sentences or those appearing in isolation in both directions (from and to their native language). The data suggest that word-translation latency improves in the course of interpreter training but it is not enhanced further in the course of professional experience, whereas anticipation is not improved by either training or experience. All the participants, being late foreign language learners, manifested an advantage in native language comprehension by anticipating more in an A–B versus a B–A translation direction. The findings also suggest that professional interpreting experience might facilitate inhibition and lead to the selection of the appropriate translation equivalent.

中文翻译：

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同声传译经验和培训对预期的影响，以单词翻译延迟来衡量

摘要 本研究旨在调查口译员培训和会议口译体验对预期的影响，通过语义受限上下文中的单词翻译延迟来衡量。一方面，它涉及专业的会议口译员，另一方面，口译学员在其两年培训计划的开始和结束时接受测试。两组都被要求翻译嵌入在高上下文约束句子（因此很容易预测）、低上下文约束句子或在两个方向（从和到他们的母语）中孤立出现的词。数据表明，在口译员培训过程中单词翻译延迟有所改善，但在专业经验过程中并未进一步增强，而预期并未因培训或经验而得到改善。所有参与者都是外语学习后期，通过对 A-B 与 B-A 翻译方向的预期更多，表现出在母语理解方面的优势。研究结果还表明，专业的口译经验可能会促进抑制并导致选择适当的翻译对等物。通过在 A-B 与 B-A 翻译方向上的预期更多，在母语理解方面表现出优势。研究结果还表明，专业的口译经验可能会促进抑制并导致选择适当的翻译对等物。通过在 A-B 与 B-A 翻译方向上的预期更多，在母语理解方面表现出优势。研究结果还表明，专业的口译经验可能会促进抑制并导致选择适当的翻译对等物。