Abstract

A representative sample (n = 2282) of Swedish adults completed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, which measures moral intuitions concerning care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity. A subset (n = 607) completed a measure of intuitions about liberty. Measurement invariance was estimated across sex, age, education, income, left-right placement, religiosity, and party preference groups, based on multigroup confirmatory factor analyses of two-, three-, five-, six-, and eight-factor models, as well as bifactor models (with methods factors or a general factor). Acceptable configural, metric, and scalar invariance was obtained for most group comparisons, particularly based on the more complex models. The clearest exceptions were (1) configural non-invariance in comparisons involving participants with very low education or income, and (2) scalar non-invariance in comparisons of ideological groups based on three- and six-factor models but not the eight-factor model, which distinguished lifestyle liberty from government liberty.

摘要

瑞典成年人的代表性样本 ( n  = 2282) 完成了道德基础问卷调查，该问卷衡量有关关怀、公平、忠诚、权威和纯洁的道德直觉。子集 ( n = 607) 完成了关于自由的直觉测量。基于两因素、三因素、五因素、六因素和八因素模型的多组验证性因素分析，估计了性别、年龄、教育程度、收入、左右位置、宗教信仰和政党偏好组的测量不变性，以及双因素模型（具有方法因素或一般因素）。对于大多数组比较，特别是基于更复杂的模型，获得了可接受的配置、度量和标量不变性。最明显的例外是（1）在涉及受教育程度或收入极低的参与者的比较中的配置非不变性，以及（2）基于三因素和六因素模型而非八因素模型的意识形态群体比较中的标量非不变性模型，它将生活方式自由与政府自由区分开来。