Introduction: The relationships between loneliness, depression, and suicide ideation have been well established in the literature. Yet almost no research has examined how feelings of existential isolation (EI; Yalom, 1980), a form of interpersonal isolation conceptually similar, but distinct from loneliness, relates to depressive symptomology or suicide ideation. Method: Four independent samples of undergraduates completed measures of loneliness, depression (which included a suicide ideation item), and EI. Results: We find EI and loneliness both independently predict depression and suicide ideation, as well as interact to predict greater depression, such that those who are both existentially isolated and lonely report the greatest depression. Moreover, those with both high loneliness and high EI report an average depression that qualifies them for mild clinical depression according to established clinical cutoffs. Discussion: Our findings suggest EI and loneliness may be independent antecedents for depression. Implications for interventions are discussed.

中文翻译：

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青少年存在的孤立、孤独、抑郁和自杀念头

简介：孤独、抑郁和自杀意念之间的关系已在文献中得到充分证实。然而，几乎没有研究检查过存在隔离的感觉（EI；Yalom，1980），一种在概念上相似但不同于孤独的人际隔离形式，如何与抑郁症状或自杀意念相关联。方法：四个独立的本科生样本完成了孤独感、抑郁症（包括自杀意念项目）和 EI 的测量。结果：我们发现 EI 和孤独感都可以独立预测抑郁症和自杀意念，并且相互作用以预测更大的抑郁症，因此那些既存在孤立又孤独的人报告了最大的抑郁症。而且，根据既定的临床临界值，那些同时具有高度孤独感和高 EI 的人报告的平均抑郁症使他们有资格患上轻度临床抑郁症。讨论：我们的研究结果表明，EI 和孤独感可能是抑郁症的独立前因。讨论了干预措施的影响。