A gas dynamic model of supersonic expansion of a real (supercritical) gas flow in nozzle based on the Redlich-Kwong equation of state has been developed. The proposed model can serve as a basis for describing the expansion of the main gas (carrier gas), against which processes of interest (formation of clusters, microcapsules, condensation) occur. Specific calculations were performed for clustering in Ar and Kr flow. Experimental verification of results of the model calculations of the sizes and densities of Ar and Kr clusters using the Rayleigh scattering method was performed. The proposed model for describing cluster jets has been tested in the experiments aimed at creating X-ray sources and accelerated electron beams in the process of relativistic laser action on a krypton cluster jet.

建立了基于 Redlich-Kwong 状态方程的喷嘴中真实（超临界）气流超音速膨胀的气体动力学模型。所提出的模型可以作为描述主要气体（载气）膨胀的基础，在此基础上会发生感兴趣的过程（形成簇、微胶囊、冷凝）。对 Ar 和 Kr 流中的聚类进行了特定计算。对使用瑞利散射法的 Ar 和 Kr 簇的尺寸和密度的模型计算结果进行了实验验证。所提出的描述簇射流的模型已经在旨在在氪簇射流上的相对论激光作用过程中产生 X 射线源和加速电子束的实验中进行了测试。