Abstract

Water quality impairment is a substantial environmental hazard which impacts a wide variety of stakeholders and interests, particularly those who participate in outdoor water-based recreational activities. Recreational bathing water qualities are highly vulnerable to microbial pollution from municipal sewage, industrial effluents, agriculture run-off and river discharges. Fecal contamination impairs water quality and potentiates human health risks. The aim of this study was to see the 5-year trend of microbiological quality of recreational bathing waters in Albania. Every year we collected 1,071 samples taken 30 centimeters below the water’s surface at least one meter deep. Assessment of bacterial load of the coastal waters was done nine times for every point, for the Escherichia coli and Intestinal enterococci, according to the methods ISO 7899-1 and ISO 9308-3. Bathing water assessment is to be classified according the categories indicated in the Directive 2006/7/EC and recommendations of WHO/UNEP-2010. Microbial Water Quality Assessment Category (cfu/100 ml water) done in 119 monitoring points were: During 2016, Excellent 53%, Sufficient 23%, Good 9% and Poor 15%. In 2017, Excellent 68%, Sufficient 15%, Good 6% and Poor 10%. During 2018, Excellent 82.4%, Sufficient 13%, Good 0.9% and Poor 3.7%. During 2019, Excellent 89%, Sufficient 2.5%, Good 6% and Poor 2.5%. During 2020 Excellent 89.9%, Sufficient 5%, Good 0.9%, and Poor 4.2%. Based on the above assessment, it is noticed a significant increase of microbial quality of recreational bathing waters in Albania due to investments in the sewerage system and better waste water treatment.

摘要

水质损害是一种严重的环境危害，会影响广泛的利益相关者和利益，特别是那些参与户外水上娱乐活动的人。休闲沐浴水质极易受到来自市政污水、工业废水、农业径流和河流排放的微生物污染。粪便污染会损害水质并增加人类健康风险。本研究的目的是了解阿尔巴尼亚休闲沐浴水的微生物质量的 5 年趋势。每年我们收集 1,071 个样本，这些样本位于水面以下至少 1 米深的 30 厘米处。每个点对沿海水域的细菌负荷进行了九次评估，对于大肠杆菌和肠球菌, 根据 ISO 7899-1 和 ISO 9308-3 方法。沐浴水评估将根据指令 2006/7/EC 和 WHO/UNEP-2010 的建议进行分类。119个监测点的微生物水质评价类别（cfu/100ml水）分别为：2016年优秀53%、充足23%、良9%、差15%。2017年优秀68%，充足15%，良6%，差10%。2018 年，优秀 82.4%，充分 13%，良好 0.9%，差 3.7%。2019年优秀89%，充分2.5%，好6%，差2.5%。2020 年优秀 89.9%，充分 5%，良好 0.9%，差 4.2%。基于上述评估，人们注意到由于对污水处理系统的投资和更好的废水处理，阿尔巴尼亚休闲沐浴水中的微生物质量显着提高。