ABSTRACT

This review paper provides a perspective on residue generation, reasons for on-site burning of residue, its ill effects on soil properties, environment, soil biota, challenges faced by the farmers in managing a huge quantity of residue and various schemes, policies, and punishments undertaken by the government to curb the problem of on-site residue burning. Several studies show that crop residue burning in the field has a negative impact on soil organic carbon, soil fertility, soil microbes, and environment and also hinders the long-term sustainability of crop production. Crop residue is a good source of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur; on burning, these cause the loss of nutrients as CO, CO₂, NO, particulate matter, and smoke, which are lost into the atmosphere, thereby creating the problem of air pollution and global warming, which will also pose threat to human health.

摘要

这篇综述文章就残留物的产生、就地燃烧残留物的原因、其对土壤性质、环境、土壤生物群的不良影响、农民在管理大量残留物方面面临的挑战以及各种计划、政策和政府为遏制就地焚烧残渣问题而采取的处罚措施。多项研究表明，田间焚烧作物秸秆对土壤有机碳、土壤肥力、土壤微生物和环境产生负面影响，并阻碍作物生产的长期可持续性。作物残渣是碳、氮、磷、钾和硫的良好来源；燃烧时，这些会导致营养物质流失，如 CO、CO ₂、NO、颗粒物和烟雾，这些物质会流失到大气中，从而造成空气污染和全球变暖问题，这也将对人类健康构成威胁。