Materials obtained by non-vacuum electron beam cladding of powder mixtures containing chromium, nickel and titanium onto billets from steel É76 are investigated. The structure of the claddings is studied by optical metallography and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical composition and the microhardness of the deposited layers are determined. It is shown that steel É76 acquires flaw-free layers with maximum thickness 3.5 mm and a structure represented by austenite, titanium carbonitrides and a chromium- and iron-based intermetallic phase with variable composition. Martensite regions with a width of up to 40 μm and a microhardness of up to 765 HV are detected near the interfaces. The conditions for cladding railroad frogs are determined.

研究了通过将含铬、镍和钛的粉末混合物非真空电子束熔覆到 É76 钢坯上获得的材料。通过光学金相学和扫描和透射电子显微镜研究包层的结构。确定沉积层的化学成分和显微硬度。结果表明，É76 钢获得了最大厚度为 3.5 毫米的无缺陷层，其结构由奥氏体、碳氮化钛和具有可变成分的铬和铁基金属间化合物相代表。在界面附近检测到宽度高达 40 μm 且显微硬度高达 765 HV 的马氏体区域。确定了包覆铁路青蛙的条件。