Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor, is associated with a dismal prognosis. Standard therapies including maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy remain poorly efficient. Improving GBM treatment modalities is, therefore, a paramount challenge for researchers and clinicians. GBMs exhibit the hallmark feature of aggressive invasion into the surrounding tissue. Among cell surface receptors involved in this process, members of the integrin family are known to be key actors of GBM invasion. Upregulation of integrins was reported in both tumor and stromal cells, making them a suitable target for innovative therapies targeting integrins in GBM patients, as their impairment disrupts tumor cell proliferation and invasive capacities. Among them, integrin-αvβ3 expression correlates with high-grade GBM. Driven by a plethora of preclinical biological studies, antagonists of αvβ3 rapidly became attractive therapeutic candidates to impair GBM tumorigenesis. In this perspective, the advent of nuclear medicine is currently one of the greatest components of the theranostic concept in both preclinical and clinical research fields. In this review, we provided an overview of αvβ3 expression in GBM to emphasize the therapeutic agents developed. Advanced current and future developments in the theranostic field targeting αvβ3 are finally discussed.

中文翻译：

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整合素-αvβ3 作为胶质母细胞瘤的治疗靶点：回到未来？

胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 是最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，预后不佳。包括最大手术切除、放疗和替莫唑胺化疗在内的标准疗法仍然效率低下。因此，改进 GBM 治疗方式是研究人员和临床医生面临的最大挑战。GBM 表现出侵略性侵入周围组织的标志性特征。在参与该过程的细胞表面受体中，已知整合素家族的成员是 GBM 入侵的关键因素。据报道，肿瘤和基质细胞中整合素的上调，使其成为针对 GBM 患者整合素的创新疗法的合适靶标，因为它们的损伤会破坏肿瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭能力。其中，整合素-αvβ3 表达与高级 GBM 相关。在大量临床前生物学研究的推动下，αvβ3 拮抗剂迅速成为削弱 GBM 肿瘤发生的有吸引力的治疗候选者。从这个角度来看，核医学的出现是目前临床前和临床研究领域中治疗诊断概念的最重要组成部分之一。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 GBM 中 αvβ3 的表达，以强调开发的治疗剂。最后讨论了针对 αvβ3 的治疗诊断领域的当前和未来发展。核医学的出现目前是临床前和临床研究领域治疗诊断概念的最重要组成部分之一。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 GBM 中 αvβ3 的表达，以强调开发的治疗剂。最后讨论了针对 αvβ3 的治疗诊断领域的当前和未来发展。核医学的出现目前是临床前和临床研究领域治疗诊断概念的最重要组成部分之一。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 GBM 中 αvβ3 的表达，以强调开发的治疗剂。最后讨论了针对 αvβ3 的治疗诊断领域的当前和未来发展。