Abstract

Radioecological studies were carried out using field radiometry methods in the Elkon uranium ore district, located on the northern margin of the Aldan Highlands in southern Yakutia. It is shown that in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks of the district, the exposure dose rate of gamma radiation varies from 6 to 340 μR/h, depending on the concentrations of natural radionuclides (NRN). In the studied rocks, the partial contributions of NRN to the dose rate of gamma radiation depend on their genesis. According to the existing radiation hygienic standards, in terms of the effective specific activity of radionuclides (Aeff) the studied rocks correspond to several radiation safety categories (first, second, and third) for building materials. The unfavorable radioecological situation in the district, caused by numerous outcrops of granitoid rocks and metasomatic formations that generate an elevated natural radiation background (60–1100 μR/h), is complicated by significant volumes of radioactive rocks and ores stored on the exposed surface during underground exploratory mine workings. In Aeff (1046–19 658 Bq/kg), these dumps are mainly attributed to especially hazardous and hazardous categories of radioactive mineral raw materials. Unprotected storage of radioactive dumps has led to active hydrogen migration of uranium from them, to accumulate in aquatic plants, hydromorphic soils, and stream bottom sediments. As a result, in these natural formations, the specific activities of uranium (25 830–59 113 and 492 000 Bq/kg) correspond to levels characteristic of low- and medium-level solid radioactive waste. Currently, in the Elkon district, environmental protection problems remain extremely relevant due to the uncontrolled state of radioactive dumps.

中文翻译：

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用场辐射测量法评价 Elkon 铀矿区 (Aldan Shield) 的放射生态状况

摘要

放射生态学研究是在位于雅库特南部阿尔丹高地北缘的埃尔康铀矿区使用野外辐射测量法进行的。结果表明，在该地区的沉积岩、变质岩和火成岩中，伽马辐射的暴露剂量率在 6 到 340 μR/h 之间变化，具体取决于天然放射性核素 (NRN) 的浓度。在所研究的岩石中，NRN 对伽马辐射剂量率的部分贡献取决于它们的成因。根据现有的辐射卫生标准，就放射性核素的有效比活度（Aeff）而言，所研究的岩石对应于建筑材料的几个辐射安全类别（第一、第二和第三）。区内放射生态形势不利，由大量露头的花岗岩岩石和交代地层产生升高的自然辐射背景（60-1100 μR/h）引起，由于地下勘探采矿作业期间暴露表面上储存的大量放射性岩石和矿石而变得复杂。在 Aeff (1046–19 658 Bq/kg) 中，这些倾倒物主要归因于特别危险和危险类别的放射性矿物原材料。放射性垃圾场的无保护储存导致铀从其中迁移出活性氢，并在水生植物、水生土壤和河底沉积物中积累。因此，在这些天然地层中，铀的比活度（25 830–59 113 和 492 000 Bq/kg）对应于低放和中放固体放射性废物的特征水平。目前，在埃尔康区，