Velocimetry-based pressure evaluation is used to investigate the spray transport of a single-hole gasoline direct injection (GDI) spray for different operating conditions. The study provides novel, formerly hidden insights into the interrelation between spray formation, momentum exchange, and macroscopic spray properties such as penetration length and spray expansion. The former level of descriptive conclusions with respect to spray transport and spray gas interaction consequently have been verified on a quantitative evaluation basis. Increased momentum exchange between spray and ambient gas flow is uncovered for stronger spray disintegration, enhanced spray expansion, higher relative velocities, and higher ambient gas densities. A particularly strong momentum exchange in flash-boiling atomization is shown, which is attributed to the immediate and strong decay into small droplets, as well as to an increased area of drag due to a wide expansion of the spray. The penetration length of a single jet directly correlates with the level of exchanged momentum. The jet experiences a stronger deceleration for higher ambient gas densities, fuel temperatures, injection pressures, and levels of superheat. In this context, the applied statistical approach has been proven to accurately resolve even small pressure differences with respect to slight variations of thermodynamic conditions.

中文翻译：

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通过基于速度计的压力评估分析单个 GDI 喷气机的喷雾-气体相互作用

基于测速的压力评估用于研究不同操作条件下单孔汽油直喷 (GDI) 喷雾的喷雾传输。该研究为喷雾形成、动量交换和宏观喷雾特性（如穿透长度和喷雾膨胀）之间的相互关系提供了新的、以前隐藏的见解。因此，关于喷雾传输和喷雾气体相互作用的前一级描述性结论已在定量评估的基础上得到验证。喷雾和环境气流之间增加的动量交换被揭示为更强的喷雾分解、增强的喷雾膨胀、更高的相对速度和更高的环境气体密度。显示了闪沸雾化中特别强烈的动量交换，这归因于立即和强烈地衰减成小液滴，以及由于喷雾的广泛膨胀而增加了阻力面积。单个射流的穿透长度与交换动量的水平直接相关。对于更高的环境气体密度、燃料温度、喷射压力和过热水平，喷气机经历了更强的减速。在这种情况下，应用的统计方法已被证明可以准确地解决与热力学条件的微小变化有关的甚至很小的压力差。对于更高的环境气体密度、燃料温度、喷射压力和过热水平，喷气机经历了更强的减速。在这种情况下，应用的统计方法已被证明可以准确地解决与热力学条件的微小变化有关的甚至很小的压力差。对于更高的环境气体密度、燃料温度、喷射压力和过热水平，喷气机经历了更强的减速。在这种情况下，应用的统计方法已被证明可以准确地解决与热力学条件的微小变化有关的甚至很小的压力差。