ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives

Anxiety is a dominant emotion in schizophrenia. It is most often diagnosed by questionnaire-based methods. In this study, it was decided to analyse the utterances of patients with schizophrenia for the occurrence of lexical indicators of anxiety, which are a good predictor of experienced anxiety and lie beyond the subject’s control.

Design

The indicators most frequently described in the literature and considered to be of the most significant diagnostic value were selected: first-person pronouns and verbs; causal expressions and conjunctions; affirmative and negative particles; and dogmatic expressions. It was assumed that more of these would appear in the utterances of people with schizophrenia than in the utterances of healthy subjects.

Methods

The study was conducted on 130 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 130 healthy subjects. They were asked to describe five pictures.

Results

In all verbal indicators of anxiety (except for negative particles) patients with positive schizophrenia attained the highest values, differing significantly from the results for the control groups.

Conclusion

This result is consistent with the subject literature, which emphasizes the high level of anxiety in schizophrenia, especially in its first phase, when the generative symptoms of the illness predominate.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症焦虑的词汇指标

摘要

背景和目标

焦虑是精神分裂症的主要情绪。它最常通过基于问卷的方法进行诊断。在这项研究中，决定分析精神分裂症患者的话语中焦虑词汇指标的发生情况，这些指标可以很好地预测经历过的焦虑，并且超出了受试者的控制范围。

设计

选择了文献中最常描述并被认为具有最重要诊断价值的指标：第一人称代词和动词；因果表达式和连词；肯定和否定粒子；和教条的表达。据推测，与健康受试者的话语相比，精神分裂症患者的话语中会出现更多此类内容。

方法

该研究针对 130 名偏执型精神分裂症患者和 130 名健康受试者进行。他们被要求描述五张图片。

结果

在所有焦虑的口头指标中（负粒子除外），阳性精神分裂症患者的值最高，与对照组的结果有显着差异。

结论

这一结果与主题文献一致，该文献强调精神分裂症患者的高度焦虑，尤其是在疾病的生成症状占主导地位的第一阶段。