Abstract

Objective: Little is known about the occupational health of psychotherapists treating displaced people. Therefore, the literature was explored regarding job demands, job resources, as well as work- and health-related outcomes. The Job Demands-Job Resources model (JD-R model) according to Bakker and Demerouti served as theoretical framework. Method: This scoping review followed the methodological framework provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Six databases were searched for qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies. Results: Based on 15 included articles, the emotional impact of work, cultural or language barriers, and administrative obstacles were identified as major job demands. Important job resources were related to a politicized conceptualization of the professional identity. Health-related outcomes could mainly be ascribed to empathy-based strain, while work-related outcomes were associated with discrepancies between personal values and asylum regulations. Conclusion: Despite the emotional impact of work, psychotherapists seem to benefit from work engagement arising out of socio-political conviction and the ability to help suffering people. Practitioners need more environmental support like professional networks. Further research is required, as current findings are predominantly based on qualitative and cross-sectional studies.

摘要

目标：对治疗流离失所者的心理治疗师的职业健康知之甚少。因此，对有关工作需求、工作资源以及工作和健康相关结果的文献进行了探索。根据 Bakker 和 Demerouti 的工作需求-工作资源模型（JD-R 模型）作为理论框架。方法：本范围界定审查遵循乔安娜布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 提供的方法框架。对六个数据库进行了定性、定量和混合方法研究的搜索。结果：基于 15 篇纳入的文章，工作的情感影响、文化或语言障碍以及行政障碍被确定为主要工作需求。重要的工作资源与职业身份的政治化概念化有关。与健康相关的结果主要归因于基于同理心的压力，而与工作相关的结果与个人价值观和庇护规定之间的差异有关。结论：尽管工作会产生情感影响，但心理治疗师似乎受益于社会政治信念和帮助受苦者的能力所带来的工作投入。从业者需要更多的环境支持，例如专业网络。需要进一步研究，因为目前的研究结果主要基于定性和横断面研究。