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The contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to differences in mortality and life expectancy among US African-American and white adults, 2000–2019 (by Brian L. Rostron, Cindy M. Chang, Brittny C. Davis Lynn, Chunfeng Ren, Esther Salazar, Bridget K. Ambrose)
Demographic Research ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.4054/demres.2022.46.31 Brian L Rostron 1 , Brittny C Davis Lynn 1 , Cindy M Chang 1 , Chunfeng Ren 1 , Esther Salazar 1 , Bridget K Ambrose 1
Demographic Research ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.4054/demres.2022.46.31 Brian L Rostron 1 , Brittny C Davis Lynn 1 , Cindy M Chang 1 , Chunfeng Ren 1 , Esther Salazar 1 , Bridget K Ambrose 1
Affiliation
BACKGROUND
The role of smoking in racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy in the United States has been examined previously, but up-to-date estimates are generally unavailable, even though smoking prevalence has declined in recent decades.
OBJECTIVE
We estimate the contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to observed differences in mortality and life expectancy for US African-American and white adults from 2000–2019.
METHODS
The indirect Preston–Glei–Wilmoth method was used with national vital statistics and population data and nationally representative never-smoker lung cancer death rates to estimate the smoking-attributable fraction (SAF) of deaths in the United States by sex-race group from 2000–2019. Mortality rates without smoking-attributable mortality were used to estimate life expectancy at age 50 (e_50) by group during the period.
RESULTS
African-American men had the highest estimated SAF during the period, beginning at 26.4% (95% CI:25.0%–27.8%) in 2000 and ending at 12.1% (95% CI:11.4%–12.8%) in 2019. The proportion of the difference in e_50 for white and African-American men that was due to smoking decreased from 27.7% to 14.8%. For African-American and white women, the estimated differences in e_50 without smoking-attributable mortality were similar to observed differences.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking continues to contribute to racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy among men in the United States.
中文翻译：
2000-2019 年美国非裔美国人和白人成年人因吸烟导致的死亡率对死亡率和预期寿命差异的贡献（作者：Brian L. Rostron、Cindy M. Chang、Brittny C. Davis Lynn、Chunfeng Ren、Esther Salazar、布里奇特 K 安布罗斯）
背景
在美国，吸烟在死亡率和预期寿命方面的种族差异中所起的作用之前已被研究过，但通常无法获得最新的估计值，尽管近几十年来吸烟流行率有所下降。
目标
我们估计了 2000 年至 2019 年美国非裔美国人和白人成年人因吸烟引起的死亡率对观察到的死亡率和预期寿命差异的贡献。
方法
间接 Preston-Glei-Wilmoth 方法与国家生命统计数据和人口数据以及具有全国代表性的从不吸烟者肺癌死亡率一起使用，以估计从 2000 年开始按性别种族组在美国死亡的吸烟归因分数 (SAF) –2019 年。在此期间，使用没有吸烟归因死亡率的死亡率来估计各组在 50 岁 (e_50) 时的预期寿命。
结果
在此期间，非洲裔美国男性的估计 SAF 最高，从 2000 年的 26.4% (95% CI:25.0%–27.8%) 到 2019 年的 12.1% (95% CI:11.4%–12.8%)。白人和非洲裔美国男性因吸烟导致的 e_50 差异比例从 27.7% 下降到 14.8%。对于非裔美国人和白人女性，e_50 的估计差异（不包括因吸烟引起的死亡率）与观察到的差异相似。
结论
吸烟继续导致美国男性死亡率和预期寿命的种族差异。
更新日期：2022-05-12
The role of smoking in racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy in the United States has been examined previously, but up-to-date estimates are generally unavailable, even though smoking prevalence has declined in recent decades.
OBJECTIVE
We estimate the contribution of smoking-attributable mortality to observed differences in mortality and life expectancy for US African-American and white adults from 2000–2019.
METHODS
The indirect Preston–Glei–Wilmoth method was used with national vital statistics and population data and nationally representative never-smoker lung cancer death rates to estimate the smoking-attributable fraction (SAF) of deaths in the United States by sex-race group from 2000–2019. Mortality rates without smoking-attributable mortality were used to estimate life expectancy at age 50 (e_50) by group during the period.
RESULTS
African-American men had the highest estimated SAF during the period, beginning at 26.4% (95% CI:25.0%–27.8%) in 2000 and ending at 12.1% (95% CI:11.4%–12.8%) in 2019. The proportion of the difference in e_50 for white and African-American men that was due to smoking decreased from 27.7% to 14.8%. For African-American and white women, the estimated differences in e_50 without smoking-attributable mortality were similar to observed differences.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking continues to contribute to racial disparities in mortality and life expectancy among men in the United States.
中文翻译：
2000-2019 年美国非裔美国人和白人成年人因吸烟导致的死亡率对死亡率和预期寿命差异的贡献（作者：Brian L. Rostron、Cindy M. Chang、Brittny C. Davis Lynn、Chunfeng Ren、Esther Salazar、布里奇特 K 安布罗斯）
背景
在美国，吸烟在死亡率和预期寿命方面的种族差异中所起的作用之前已被研究过，但通常无法获得最新的估计值，尽管近几十年来吸烟流行率有所下降。
目标
我们估计了 2000 年至 2019 年美国非裔美国人和白人成年人因吸烟引起的死亡率对观察到的死亡率和预期寿命差异的贡献。
方法
间接 Preston-Glei-Wilmoth 方法与国家生命统计数据和人口数据以及具有全国代表性的从不吸烟者肺癌死亡率一起使用，以估计从 2000 年开始按性别种族组在美国死亡的吸烟归因分数 (SAF) –2019 年。在此期间，使用没有吸烟归因死亡率的死亡率来估计各组在 50 岁 (e_50) 时的预期寿命。
结果
在此期间，非洲裔美国男性的估计 SAF 最高，从 2000 年的 26.4% (95% CI:25.0%–27.8%) 到 2019 年的 12.1% (95% CI:11.4%–12.8%)。白人和非洲裔美国男性因吸烟导致的 e_50 差异比例从 27.7% 下降到 14.8%。对于非裔美国人和白人女性，e_50 的估计差异（不包括因吸烟引起的死亡率）与观察到的差异相似。
结论
吸烟继续导致美国男性死亡率和预期寿命的种族差异。
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