Considering welfare through the “neonatal and nursery pig perspective” is an exciting approach, and one that resonates with consumers. Overlaying this with the Five Domains Model, as we suggest in this review, points to practical on-farm improvements that provide each pig the opportunity to experience positive mental states. The Five Domains Model is broken into physical and functional states, that includes Domain 1 Nutrition, Domain 2 Physical Environment, Domain 3 Health and, Domain 4 Behavioral Interaction, and Domain 5 Mental State. The Five Domains Model can build on the breadth and depth of swine welfare science to highlight opportunities to improve welfare on-farm. In Domain 1 management of increasingly large litters is considered, with examples of sow vs. artificial rearing, colostrum quality and quantity, and creep feed management strategies. Efforts can result in positive mental states such as feeling full and content and the ability to experience pleasure of drinking and food tastes/smells. Domain 2 considers space complexity and access to key resources, along with thermal and physical amenities, to promote feelings of physical comfort. Domain 3 considers pig health in three broad, yet inter-linking categories, (a) congenital and hereditary health, (b) environmental pathogen load and, (c) colostrum quality and quantity, and its effect on the microbiome. Improvements can result in a pig that displays vitality and feels healthy. Domain 4 provides the pig opportunities to express its rich behavioral repertoire, specifically positive social interactions, play, and exploration. These efforts can result in pigs feeling calm, safe, comfortable, having companionship, engaged, interested and rewarded. In conclusion, using the Five Domains Model can highlight numerous opportunities to improve current and future housing and management through the “neonatal and nursery pig perspective” with a focus on inducing positive mental states that can result in improved quality of life and welfare state.

中文翻译：

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改善农场仔猪福利：五个领域模型

通过“新生儿和保育猪的视角”考虑福利是一种令人兴奋的方法，并且会引起消费者的共鸣。正如我们在本次审查中所建议的那样，将其与五域模型相叠加，指出了实际的农场改进，为每头猪提供了体验积极精神状态的机会。五域模型分为物理和功能状态，包括域 1 营养、域 2 物理环境、域 3 健康和、域 4 行为交互和域 5 心理状态。五域模型可以建立在猪福利科学的广度和深度上，以突出改善农场福利的机会。在领域 1 中，考虑了对越来越多的窝的管理，例如母猪与人工饲养、初乳质量和数量、和教槽料管理策略。努力可以导致积极的心理状态，例如感到饱足和满足，以及体验饮酒和食物味道/气味的乐趣的能力。领域 2 考虑空间复杂性和对关键资源的访问，以及热和物理设施，以促进身体舒适感。领域 3 将猪的健康分为三个广泛但相互关联的类别，(a) 先天性和遗传性健康，(b) 环境病原体负荷，(c) 初乳质量和数量，及其对微生物组的影响。改进可以使猪表现出活力并感觉健康。领域 4 为猪提供了表达其丰富的行为技能的机会，特别是积极的社会互动、玩耍和探索。这些努力可以使猪感到平静、安全、舒适、有陪伴、参与、感兴趣和奖励。总之，使用五域模型可以突出通过“新生儿和保育猪视角”改善当前和未来住房和管理的众多机会，重点是诱导积极的心理状态，从而提高生活质量和福利状态。