Vibrational spectroscopic techniques, both infrared absorption and Raman scattering, are high precision, label free analytical techniques which have found applications in fields as diverse as analytical chemistry, pharmacology, forensics and archeometrics and, in recent times, have attracted increasing attention for biomedical applications. As analytical techniques, they have been applied to the characterisation of viruses as early as the 1970 s, and, in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have been explored in response to the World Health Organisation as novel methodologies to aid in the global efforts to implement and improve rapid screening of viral infection. This review considers the history of the application of vibrational spectroscopic techniques to the characterisation of the morphology and chemical compositions of viruses, their attachment to, uptake by and replication in cells, and their potential for the detection of viruses in population screening, and in infection response monitoring applications. Particular consideration is devoted to recent efforts in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and monitoring COVID-19.

振动光谱技术，包括红外吸收和拉曼散射，是高精度、无标记的分析技术，已在分析化学、药理学、法医学和考古学等不同领域得到应用，并且最近在生物医学应用中引起了越来越多的关注。作为分析技术，它们早在 1970 年代就已应用于病毒的表征，并且在 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行的背景下，已作为新方法作为对世界卫生组织的回应进行了探索帮助全球努力实施和改进病毒感染的快速筛查。这篇综述考虑了振动光谱技术在表征病毒的形态和化学成分、它们在细胞中的附着、摄取和复制，以及它们在群体筛选和感染中检测病毒的潜力的历史。响应监控应用。特别考虑了最近在检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 和监测 COVID-19 方面的努力。