ABSTRACT

Brooding rumination is a maladaptive form of emotion regulation and confers a risk for psychopathology. Insecure attachment and low cognitive self-regulation are important antecedents of brooding. Yet, little is known about the developmental interplay between these two systems. Thus, we tested how children’s attachment and cognitive self-regulation, conceptualized as effortful control (EC), interact to predict brooding. The participants in the three-wave longitudinal study were n = 157 children (10 to 14 years) and their mothers. Children reported their attachment and brooding, and mothers reported children’s EC. Results showed that children with low avoidance received benefit from high EC to decrease brooding, whereas children with high anxiety brooded irrespective of EC. Thus, high EC may foster constructive emotion regulation among securely attached children, whereas the beneficial effects of high EC on emotional functioning seem to be overridden by insecurity. The functional role of cognitive self-regulation on different attachment strategies is discussed.

摘要

沉思反刍是一种不适应的情绪调节形式，会带来精神病理学风险。不安全的依恋和低认知自我调节是沉思的重要前因。然而，人们对这两个系统之间的发展相互作用知之甚少。因此，我们测试了儿童的依恋和认知自我调节（概念化为努力控制 (EC)）如何相互作用以预测育雏。三波纵向研究的参与者为 n = 157 名儿童（10 至 14 岁）及其母亲。儿童报告了他们的依恋和沉思，母亲报告了儿童的 EC。结果表明，回避程度低的儿童从高 EC 中获益以减少沉思，而焦虑程度高的儿童无论 EC 如何都会沉思。因此，高 EC 可以促进安全依恋儿童的建设性情绪调节，而高 EC 对情绪功能的有益影响似乎被不安全感所覆盖。讨论了认知自我调节对不同依恋策略的功能作用。