To reduce the crosswind effect on high-speed trains, in this paper, by using the Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) method and the SST $k-\omega$ turbulence model, a novel blowing measure is studied and compared by considering different positions of blowing slots on the train surface. The concerned blowing positions on the train surface include the top position (Top); windward side (WWS): the upper position (WU), middle position (WM), and lower position (WL); and leeward side (LWS): the upper position (LU), middle position (LM), and lower position (LL). The results show that in regard to the rolling moment coefficient around the leeward rail, C_Mxlee, the mitigation effect with LM for the head car is the largest, and the mitigation effect with WL for the middle car and tail car is superior to other cases. The corresponding drop percentages are 18.5%, 21.7%, and 30.8% for the head car, middle car, and tail car, respectively. The flow structures indicate that the blowing positions on the lower half of WWS and upper half of LWS would form a protective air gap to weaken the impact of coming flows and delay the vortex separation on LWS, and thus the train aerodynamic performance is improved.

为了减少高速列车的侧风效应，本文采用改进的延迟分离涡模拟（IDDES）方法和 SST$ķ-\omega$湍流模型，通过考虑列车表面不同位置的吹气槽，研究和比较了一种新的吹气措施。列车表面的有关吹气位置包括顶部位置（Top）；迎风面（WWS）：上位（WU）、中位（WM）、下位（WL）；背风侧（LWS）：上位（LU）、中位（LM）和下位（LL）。结果表明，关于背风钢轨周围的滚动力矩系数，C _{Mx lee}，LM对头车的缓解效果最大，WL对中车和尾车的缓解效果优于其他情况。头车、中车和尾车的相应下降百分比分别为18.5%、21.7%和30.8%。气流结构表明，WWS下半部和LWS上半部的吹气位置会形成保护气隙，减弱来流的影响，延缓涡流对LWS的分离，从而提高列车气动性能。