BACKGROUND: Tibial rotation accompanying sagittal movement contains the phenomenon of screw-home movement (SHM) of the knee, which plays an important role in knee stability during extension. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the change of SHM in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Thirty-one sex-matched patients with knee OA and 31 normal subjects were recruited. The total tibial rotation was obtained during knee sagittal movement (extension and flexion) using an inertial measurement unit. The acquired angle of tibial rotation was divided into eight periods. The total tibial rotation and the variation of each period were compared between the OA and control groups. The difference in tibial rotation according to Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade was compared. RESULTS: The total tibial rotation of the OA group decreased compared with the control group during knee extension and flexion (P< 0.001). Variations of tibial rotation were significantly different between groups in all periods (P< 0.001) except for knee extension at 70∘ to 45∘ (P= 0.081). There was no significant difference in tibial rotations among the KA grades of OA patients. CONCLUSION: We found a reduction in the total tibial rotation and loss of the SHM in the unloaded OA knee. It could be predicted that reduced SHM appeared early in knee OA.

中文翻译：

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膝骨关节炎患者与正常成人螺钉复位运动的比较

背景：伴随矢状面运动的胫骨旋转包含膝关节的螺钉复位运动（SHM）现象，其对膝关节在伸展过程中的稳定性起着重要作用。目的：本研究旨在探讨膝骨关节炎（OA）患者SHM的变化。方法：招募了 31 名性别匹配的膝骨关节炎患者和 31 名正常受试者。使用惯性测量单元在膝关节矢状运动（伸展和屈曲）期间获得总胫骨旋转。获得的胫骨旋转角度分为八个时期。比较 OA 组和对照组之间的总胫骨旋转和每个时期的变化。根据 Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) 等级比较胫骨旋转的差异。结果：OA组膝关节伸屈时胫骨总旋转度较对照组降低（P<0.001）。除了在 70° 至 45° 时膝关节伸展 (P= 0.081) 外，所有时间段的胫骨旋转变化在各组之间均有显着差异 (P< 0.001)。OA患者的KA等级之间的胫骨旋转没有显着差异。结论：我们发现在卸载的 OA 膝关节中胫骨总旋转减少和 SHM 丢失。可以预测，减少的 SHM 出现在膝关节 OA 的早期。OA患者的KA等级之间的胫骨旋转没有显着差异。结论：我们发现在卸载的 OA 膝关节中胫骨总旋转减少和 SHM 丢失。可以预测，减少的 SHM 出现在膝关节 OA 的早期。OA患者的KA等级之间的胫骨旋转没有显着差异。结论：我们发现在卸载的 OA 膝关节中胫骨总旋转减少和 SHM 丢失。可以预测，减少的 SHM 出现在膝关节 OA 的早期。