Coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncommon in young adult patients. However, these patients have different risk factor profiles and high-risk coronary plaques are more common. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between the coronary plaque burden, plaque composition, serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio in young adults. We analyzed a total of 551 patients under age 45 who had undergone coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Coronary plaque characteristics were analyzed using CCTA. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess the predictors of non-calcified plaque (NCB) and calcified plaque (CB) burdens. Serum non-HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the coronary atherosclerosis patient group. Serum non-HDL-C levels and the TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the obstructive CAD patient group. The plaque burden was positively correlated with non-HDL-C (r = 0.30; p < 0.001), and TG/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.18; p < 0.001). NCB was positively correlated with age, gender, smoking status, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, hbA1c, non-HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C ratio. Non-HDL-C (β coefficient = 0.13; p = 0.023) and TG/HDL-C ratio (β = 0.10; p = 0.042) were independent predictors of NCB. Serum non-HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C were significantly associated with the presence and burden of coronary plaques. Serum non-HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were independently associated with NCB, suggesting their use as easy-to-compute markers for identifying high-risk groups in young adults.

中文翻译：

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非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比率与年轻人冠状动脉斑块负担和斑块特征的关联。

冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 在年轻成人患者中并不常见。然而，这些患者具有不同的危险因素特征，高危冠状动脉斑块更为常见。本研究的目的是检查冠状动脉斑块负荷、斑块组成、血清非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (non-HDL-C) 水平和甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (TG/HDL-C) 之间的关系) 在年轻人中的比例。我们分析了总共 551 名接受过冠状动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影 (CCTA) 的 45 岁以下患者。使用 CCTA 分析冠状动脉斑块特征。多元线性回归分析用于评估非钙化斑块 (NCB) 和钙化斑块 (CB) 负荷的预测因子。冠状动脉粥样硬化患者组的血清非 HDL-C 水平和 TG/HDL-C 比值较高。阻塞性 CAD 患者组的血清非 HDL-C 水平和 TG/HDL-C 比值较高。斑块负荷与非 HDL-C (r = 0.30；p < 0.001) 和 TG/HDL-C 比值 (r = 0.18；p < 0.001) 呈正相关。NCB与年龄、性别、吸烟状况、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、hbA1c、非HDL-C和TG/HDL-C比值呈正相关。非 HDL-C（β 系数 = 0.13；p = 0.023）和 TG/HDL-C 比率（β = 0.10；p = 0.042）是 NCB 的独立预测因子。血清非 HDL-C 水平和 TG/HDL-C 与冠状动脉斑块的存在和负担显着相关。血清非 HDL-C 和 TG/HDL-C 比率与 NCB 独立相关，表明它们可用作易于计算的标记物，用于识别年轻人的高危人群。