Eccentric training as a method to enhance athletic performance is a topic of increasing interest to both practitioners and researchers. However, data regarding the effects of performing the eccentric actions of an exercise at increased velocities are limited. This narrative review aimed to provide greater clarity for eccentric methods and classification with regard to temporal phases of exercises. Between March and April 2021, we used key terms to search the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar databases within the years 1950–2021. Search terms included ‘fast eccentric’, ‘fast velocity eccentric’, ‘dynamic eccentric’, ‘accentuated eccentric loading’, and ‘isokinetic eccentric’, analysing both the acute and the chronic effects of accelerated eccentric training in human participants. Review of the 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria identified that completing eccentric tempos of < 2 s increased subsequent concentric one repetition maximum performance, velocity, and power compared with > 4 s tempos. Tempos of > 4 s duration increased time under tension (TUT), whereas reduced tempos allowed for greater volume to be completed. Greater TUT led to larger accumulation of blood lactate, growth hormone, and testosterone when volume was matched to that of the reduced tempos. Overall, evidence supports eccentric actions of < 2 s duration to improve subsequent concentric performance. There is no clear difference between using eccentric tempos of 2–6 s if the aim is to increase hypertrophic response and strength. Future research should analyse the performance of eccentric actions at greater velocities or reduced time durations to determine more factors such as strength response. Tempo studies should aim to complete the same TUT for protocols to determine measures for hypertrophic response.

离心训练作为提高运动表现的一种方法，是从业者和研究人员越来越感兴趣的话题。然而，关于以增加的速度进行锻炼的偏心动作的效果的数据是有限的。这篇叙述性回顾旨在为偏心方法和关于练习时间阶段的分类提供更清晰的信息。在 2021 年 3 月至 2021 年 4 月期间，我们使用关键术语搜索了 1950 年至 2021 年期间的 PubMed、SPORTDiscus 和 Google Scholar 数据库。搜索词包括“快速离心”、“快速离心”、“动态离心”、“加重离心负荷”和“等速离心”，分析加速离心训练对人类参与者的急性和慢性影响。对符合纳入标准的 26 项研究的回顾发现，与 > 4 秒的节奏相比，完成 < 2 秒的离心节奏可以提高随后的向心一次重复的最大性能、速度和功率。> 4 s 持续时间的节奏增加了张力下的时间 (TUT)，而降低的节奏允许完成更大的音量。当体积与降低的节奏相匹配时，更大的 TUT 会导致更大的血乳酸、生长激素和睾酮积累。总体而言，证据支持持续时间小于 2 秒的离心动作以改善随后的向心表现。如果目的是增加肥大反应和力量，使用 2-6 秒的离心节奏之间没有明显区别。未来的研究应该分析偏心动作在更快的速度或更短的持续时间下的表现，以确定更多的因素，如力量反应。Tempo 研究应旨在完成相同的 TUT 协议以确定肥大反应的措施。