Among the important changes in the ICD-11 is the addition of 21 new mental disorders. New categories are typically proposed to: a) improve the usefulness of morbidity statistics; b) facilitate recognition of a clinically important but poorly classified mental disorder in order to provide appropriate management; and c) stimulate research into more effective treatments. Given the major implications for the field and for World Health Organization (WHO) member states, it is important to examine the impact of these new categories during the early phase of the ICD-11 implementation. This paper focuses on four disorders: complex post-traumatic stress disorder, prolonged grief disorder, gaming disorder, and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder. These categories were selected because they have been the focus of considerable activity and/or controversy and because their inclusion in the ICD-11 represents a different decision than was made for the DSM-5. The lead authors invited experts on each of these disorders to provide insight into why it was considered important to add it to the ICD-11, implications for care of not having that diagnostic category, important controversies about adding the disorder, and a review of the evidence generated and other developments related to the category since the WHO signaled its intention to include it in the ICD-11. Each of the four diagnostic categories appears to describe a population with clinically important and distinctive features that had previously gone unrecognized as well as specific treatment needs that would otherwise likely go unmet. The introduction of these categories in the ICD-11 has been followed by a substantial expansion of research in each area, which has generally supported their validity and utility, and by a significant increase in the availability of appropriate services.

中文翻译：

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ICD-11 中选定的新类别的新兴经验：复杂 PTSD、长期悲伤障碍、游戏障碍和强迫性行为障碍

ICD-11 的重要变化之一是增加了 21 种新的精神障碍。通常提出新的类别是为了： a) 提高发病率统计数据的实用性；b) 促进对临床上重要但分类较差的精神障碍的识别，以便提供适当的管理；c) 促进对更有效治疗的研究。鉴于对该领域和世界卫生组织 (WHO) 成员国的重大影响，在 ICD-11 实施的早期阶段检查这些新类别的影响非常重要。本文重点关注四种疾病：复杂的创伤后应激障碍、长期悲伤障碍、游戏障碍和强迫性行为障碍。之所以选择这些类别，是因为它们一直是相当大的活​​动和/或争议的焦点，并且因为它们被纳入 ICD-11 代表了与 DSM-5 不同的决定。主要作者邀请了每种疾病的专家来提供见解，以了解为什么认为将其添加到 ICD-11 中很重要，没有该诊断类别对护理的影响，关于添加该疾病的重要争议，以及回顾自 WHO 表示有意将其纳入 ICD-11 以来，所产生的证据和与该类别相关的其他进展。四个诊断类别中的每一个似乎都描述了具有临床上重要和独特特征的人群，这些特征以前未被识别，以及可能无法满足的特定治疗需求。