Formation damage is an essential part of drilling and production evaluation, which has a significant effect on well productivity and economics. Drilling fluids are significant sources of formation damage by different mechanisms. This article reviews the research works published during the past 30 years on formation damage associated with drilling fluids, including mechanical damage, chemical damage, and interaction with reservoir rock and fluids. Different filtration techniques, fines migration, and invasion models are discussed based on past studies and recent advancements. Laboratory experiments, methodology, and various aspects of evaluation are considered for further study. Despite presenting different authors’ views and experiences in this area, there is no integrated approach to evaluate formation damage caused by drilling fluids. Finally, the authors analyze the knowledge gap and conclude that a methodology must be designed to improve drilling fluids to prevent formation damage. Recent advances in the area of nanotechnology show promising alternatives for new methods to prevent formation damage.

中文翻译：

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钻井液对地层损伤的深入探讨

地层损伤是钻井和生产评价的重要组成部分，对井的产能和经济性具有重要影响。钻井液是不同机制造成地层损害的重要来源。本文回顾了过去 30 年来发表的关于钻井液相关地层损伤的研究成果，包括机械损伤、化学损伤以及与储层岩石和流体的相互作用。根据过去的研究和最近的进展，讨论了不同的过滤技术、细颗粒迁移和入侵模型。考虑进一步研究实验室实验、方法和评估的各个方面。尽管提出了不同作者在该领域的观点和经验，但没有综合方法来评估钻井液造成的地层损害。最后，作者分析了知识差距并得出结论，必须设计一种方法来改善钻井液以防止地层损坏。纳米技术领域的最新进展显示了防止地层损坏的新方法的有希望的替代方案。