Owing to their remarkable characteristics, refractory molybdenum nitride (MoN x )-based compounds have been deployed in a wide range of strategic industrial applications. This review reports the electronic and structural properties that render MoN x materials as potent catalytic surfaces for numerous chemical reactions and surveys the syntheses, procedures, and catalytic applications in pertinent industries such as the petroleum industry. In particular, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation are essential processes in the refinement of oil segments and their conversions into commodity fuels and platform chemicals. N-vacant sites over a catalyst’s surface are a significant driver of diverse chemical phenomena. Studies on various reaction routes have emphasized that the transfer of adsorbed hydrogen atoms from the N-vacant sites reduces the activation barriers for bond breaking at key structural linkages. Density functional theory has recently provided an atomic-level understanding of Mo–N systems as active ingredients in hydrotreating processes. These Mo–N systems are potentially extendible to the hydrogenation of more complex molecules, most notably, oxygenated aromatic compounds.

中文翻译：

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从结构到工业应用的氮化钼

由于其显着的特性，难熔氮化钼（MoN X ) 基化合物已在广泛的战略工业应用中得到应用。该评论报告了呈现 MoN 的电子和结构特性 X 材料作为许多化学反应的有效催化表面，并调查了石油工业等相关行业的合成、程序和催化应用。特别是，加氢、加氢脱硫和加氢脱氧是石油部门精炼及其转化为商品燃料和平台化学品的基本过程。催化剂表面上的 N 空位是各种化学现象的重要驱动力。对各种反应路线的研究强调，吸附的氢原子从 N 空位的转移降低了关键结构键断裂的活化势垒。密度泛函理论最近提供了对 Mo-N 系统作为加氢处理过程中活性成分的原子级理解。