In this work, a series of emulsifiers were prepared by changing the molar ratio of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the long chain quaternary ammonium salt (A0). The emulsifiers were characterised by FTIR and 1HNMR. The stability of the emulsions was checked and evaluated by determining the phase separation and by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The emulsion stability increased with increasing emulsifier concentration, which was mainly due to the reduced droplet size and increased viscosity of the emulsions. Stability was also dependent on pH. At pH values between 5 to 3, stability was increased, but at further decreasing pH values, the emulsion became unstable or the emulsion separated. This could be mainly because the excess of positive ions compresses the double electron layer. The experimental results showed that PVA as a macromolecular matrix material has a great application potential for the emulsification process.

中文翻译：

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改性阳离子聚乙烯醇乳化剂在沥青乳液中的评价及应用

在这项工作中，通过改变聚乙烯醇（PVA）与长链季铵盐（A0）。乳化剂通过 FTIR 和1核磁共振。通过确定相分离和通过紫外-可见分光光度法检查和评价乳液的稳定性。乳液稳定性随着乳化剂浓度的增加而增加，这主要是由于液滴尺寸减小和乳液粘度增加所致。稳定性还取决于pH。在 pH 值介于 5 到 3 之间时，稳定性增加，但在进一步降低 pH 值时，乳液变得不稳定或乳液分离。这可能主要是因为过量的正离子压缩了双电子层。实验结果表明，PVA作为高分子基体材料在乳化过程中具有很大的应用潜力。