ABSTRACT

Manufactured Home Estates (MHEs) are an increasingly popular type of housing for older Australians. MHEs are similar to caravan parks where an operator owns the land, and the resident owns their (technically relocatable) dwelling and pays site rent. Residents are both owners and tenants, with many receiving the age pension, or other benefits, and are entitled to receive Commonwealth Rent Assistance (CRA). We examine three interrelated processes encouraging the growth of MHEs as specialised housing for older Australians. First, CRA payments are promoted by operators as a form of government support that improves the affordability of MHE living, while also contributing to their own financial returns. Second, the location of properties developed by operators is in response to demand from Australia’s ageing population. Third, and related, new supply in coastal locations drives amenity retirement migration, where older people relocate to locations of natural amenity. Using data on CRA payments to residents in MHEs and permanent residents in caravan parks reveals the geographic distribution of this form of housing for older Australians.

摘要

预制房屋 (MHE) 是一种越来越受澳大利亚老年人欢迎的住房类型。MHE 类似于房车公园，运营商拥有土地，居民拥有（技术上可重新安置的）住宅并支付场地租金。居民既是业主又是租户，其中许多人领取养老金或其他福利，并有权获得联邦租金援助 (CRA)。我们研究了三个相互关联的过程，这些过程鼓励 MHE 发展成为澳大利亚老年人的专门住房。首先，运营商推动 CRA 付款作为政府支持的一种形式，以提高 MHE 生活的负担能力，同时也有助于他们自己的财务回报。其次，运营商开发物业的选址是为了响应澳大利亚人口老龄化的需求。第三，和相关的，沿海地区的新供应推动了便利设施退休人员的迁移，老年人迁移到自然便利的地方。使用 CRA 向 MHE 居民和房车公园永久居民支付的数据揭示了这种形式的澳大利亚老年人住房的地理分布。