The present paper analyses the temporary stability of commuting to workplace functions in the face of changes in workers' and firms' characteristics and the local labour market conditions. To do this, we estimate commuting functions by incorporating four types of determinants: the characteristics of the workers, the jobs (or hiring firms), and the municipalities where the workers reside and work, including the unemployment rates to account for disequilibria in their respective local labour markets. After developing a simple model, we estimate these functions based on labour commuting microdata obtained from the population census of Spain for the years 2001 and 2011, periods with important changes in the labour market situation. We estimate commuting functions by means of ordered probit functions. The results show that the duration of commutes has not changed drastically. Additionally, most of the incorporated determinants maintain their sign and change their intensity only slightly over time. The duration of commutes is greater in the case of men, singles, educated and foreign workers, living in rented housing, using public transport, living or working in large cities, and working in large firms. In the same way, commutes are longer when the worker's municipality of residence has a high unemployment rate, and they turn out to be shorter when the municipality of the workplace has a low unemployment rate. Finally, the changes in the unemployment rate, especially in the municipality of residence, have been compensated by variation in their respective parameters, consequently offsetting their effects on commute times.

本文分析了在面对工人和公司特征以及当地劳动力市场状况变化时通勤工作的暂时稳定性。为此，我们通过结合四种类型的决定因素来估计通勤函数：工人的特征、工作（或招聘公司）以及工人居住和工作的城市，包括失业率以解释其各自的不平衡当地劳动力市场。在开发了一个简单的模型之后，我们根据从 2001 年和 2011 年西班牙人口普查中获得的劳动力通勤微观数据来估计这些函数，这两个时期劳动力市场形势发生了重大变化。我们通过有序概率函数估计通勤函数。结果表明，通勤时间没有发生太大变化。此外，大多数并入的行列式保持其符号并随着时间的推移仅略微改变其强度。男性、单身、受过教育和外国工人、住在出租房屋、使用公共交通工具、在大城市生活或工作以及在大公司工作的通勤时间更长。同样，当工人居住的市镇失业率高时，通勤时间会更长，而当工作场所的市镇失业率低时，通勤时间会变短。最后，失业率的变化，尤其是居住城市的失业率，已经通过各自参数的变化得到补偿，从而抵消了它们对通勤时间的影响。