Humility is thought to be associated with greater accuracy in self-assessment. However, clear evidence is lacking. Two studies tested this central proposition. In Study 1 (N = 258), participants completed a task on logical reasoning before estimating both their raw and relative performance. Study 2 (N = 214) was aimed at replicating Study 1 with a task on English fluency. Results from both studies were consistent. There was evidence of overestimation bias across each sample in which participants’ estimated performance was higher than their actual performance. More importantly, humility was associated with less overestimation bias, such that the difference in estimated and actual performance was smaller or non-existent among those higher in humility. We also replicated the Dunning–Kruger effect in which participants of lower ability in these skills (i.e., lower actual scores) were most likely to overestimate their performance. Further analyses found that the negative relationship between humility and overestimation bias was not moderated by actual performances. However, the same analyses revealed that the Dunning–Kruger effect was also not moderated by humility. Hence, there is strong replicable evidence that humility is associated with less overestimation bias, supporting the view that greater accuracy in self-assessment is an attribute of humility, and that this relationship is independent of actual ability, but humility does not affect the robust Dunning–Kruger effect.

中文翻译：

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谦虚的估计：谦虚预示着更高的自我评估准确性

谦逊被认为与更准确的自我评估有关。但是，缺乏明确的证据。两项研究检验了这一核心命题。在研究 1 ( N  = 258) 中，参与者在评估他们的原始表现和相对表现之前完成了一项逻辑推理任务。研究 2 ( N = 214) 旨在复制研究 1 的英语流利性任务。两项研究的结果是一致的。每个样本都有高估偏差的证据，其中参与者的估计表现高于他们的实际表现。更重要的是，谦逊与较少的高估偏差相关，因此在谦逊程度较高的人中，估计绩效与实际绩效的差异较小或不存在。我们还复制了邓宁-克鲁格效应，其中这些技能能力较低（即实际分数较低）的参与者最有可能高估他们的表现。进一步的分析发现，谦虚与高估偏差之间的负相关并没有被实际表现所缓和。然而，同样的分析表明，邓宁-克鲁格效应也不受谦逊的影响。因此，有强有力的可复制证据表明谦逊与较少的高估偏差相关，支持这样的观点，即自我评估的准确性更高是谦逊的一个属性，并且这种关系独立于实际能力，但谦逊不会影响稳健的邓宁——克鲁格效应。