The present study estimates spatial and temporal (seasonal/annual) trends in daytime land surface temperature (LST) and its drivers (elevation, cloud fraction (CF), atmospheric water vapor (AWV), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and snow cover area (SCA)) over the High Mountain Asia (HMA) during 2001–2019 using MODIS remote sensing data. The findings of the study showed mixed trends in LST in the region with intra-regional variations. Overall, the warming in the region is attributed to increasing AWV and NDVI and declining CF and SCA. The study also found evidence of elevation-dependent warming (EDW) (4500–5500 m AMSL) in some regions. However, the same conclusion cannot be drawn in all the sub-regions of HMA, suggesting the need to explore the effects of additional natural and anthropogenic factors on LST with fine resolution data to improve the understanding of its spatio-temporal dynamics.

本研究估计了白天地表温度 (LST) 及其驱动因素（海拔、云分数 (CF)、大气水汽 (AWV)、归一化差异植被指数 (NDVI) 和雪）的空间和时间（季节/年度）趋势2001-2019 年使用 MODIS 遥感数据在亚洲高山 (HMA) 上空覆盖面积 (SCA))。研究结果显示，该地区 LST 的趋势参差不齐，区域内存在差异。总体而言，该地区的变暖归因于 AWV 和 NDVI 增加以及 CF 和 SCA 下降。该研究还发现了某些地区的海拔依赖性变暖（EDW）（4500-5500 m AMSL）的证据。但是，不能在 HMA 的所有子区域都得出相同的结论，