Strongly interacting artificial spin systems are moving beyond mimicking naturally occurring materials to emerge as versatile functional platforms, from reconfigurable magnonics to neuromorphic computing. Typically, artificial spin systems comprise nanomagnets with a single magnetization texture: collinear macrospins or chiral vortices. By tuning nanoarray dimensions we have achieved macrospin–vortex bistability and demonstrated a four-state metamaterial spin system, the ‘artificial spin-vortex ice’ (ASVI). ASVI can host Ising-like macrospins with strong ice-like vertex interactions and weakly coupled vortices with low stray dipolar field. Vortices and macrospins exhibit starkly differing spin-wave spectra with analogue mode amplitude control and mode frequency shifts of Δf = 3.8 GHz. The enhanced bitextural microstate space gives rise to emergent physical memory phenomena, with ratchet-like vortex injection and history-dependent non-linear fading memory when driven through global magnetic field cycles. We employed spin-wave microstate fingerprinting for rapid, scalable readout of vortex and macrospin populations, and leveraged this for spin-wave reservoir computation. ASVI performs non-linear mapping transformations of diverse input and target signals in addition to chaotic time-series forecasting.

强相互作用的人工自旋系统正在超越模仿天然存在的材料而成为多功能的功能平台，从可重构的磁振学到神经形态计算。通常，人工自旋系统包括具有单一磁化纹理的纳米磁体：共线宏自旋或手性涡旋。通过调整纳米阵列尺寸，我们实现了宏自旋-涡旋双稳态，并展示了一种四态超材料自旋系统，即“人造自旋-涡旋冰”（ASVI）。ASVI 可以承载具有强冰状顶点相互作用的伊辛状宏自旋和具有低杂散偶极场的弱耦合涡旋。涡旋和宏自旋表现出截然不同的自旋波谱，具有模拟模式幅度控制和Δf的模式频移 = 3.8 GHz。增强的双纹理微状态空间产生了紧急的物理记忆现象，当通过全局磁场循环驱动时，具有棘轮状的涡流注入和历史相关的非线性衰落记忆。我们采用自旋波微状态指纹来快速、可扩展地读取涡旋和宏自旋种群，并利用它进行自旋波储层计算。除了混沌时间序列预测之外，ASVI 还执行各种输入和目标信号的非线性映射转换。