Sulfate radical (SO₄^•−) generation from activated persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) processes has been receiving considerable attention in the field of environmental remediation. Because SO₄^•− has superior oxidation potential (E₀ = 2.5–3.1 V) than other oxidants, non‐selective response to organic pollutants, wide operational pH range and longer life time (30–40 μs). Microwave (MW) irradiation (frequency from 0.3 to 300 GHz) has also gained a significant attention in environmental applications such as waste management and treatment including pyrolysis, water/wastewater treatment, phase separation and extraction processes, remediation of soil, hazardous and radioactive wastes and also in biomedical applications. The coupling of MW/PS processes is capable to generate high rate of sulfate radical as a result of the polar coupling, rapid and uniform heating, thermal and non‐thermal effects. Further, the addition of transitional metal-based catalysts and dielectric nonmetal catalysts in the MW/PS system was found to improve the oxidation efficiency of the system. In this review, the fundamentals and applications of MW activated persulfate/peroxymonosulfate (MW/PS or MW/PMS) process for environmental remediation of various systems including wastewater containing pharmaceuticals, different dyes, phenolic compounds, contaminated soil, and leachate treatment have been discussed. Moreover, the mechanism and recent developments in MW/PS and MW/PMS systems in the presence/absence of catalysts have been highlighted. Finally, a hybrid technical approach from futuristic development was addressed.

由活化过硫酸盐 (PS) 和过氧单硫酸盐 (PMS) 工艺产生的硫酸根 (SO ₄ ^•− ) 在环境修复领域受到了广泛关注。因为 SO ₄ ^•−具有比其他氧化剂更高的氧化电位（E ₀ = 2.5-3.1 V），对有机污染物的非选择性响应，宽的操作 pH 范围和更长的使用寿命（30-40 μs）。微波 (MW) 辐照（频率从 0.3 到 300 GHz）在环境应用（例如废物管理和处理）中也受到了极大关注，包括热解、水/废水处理、相分离和萃取过程、土壤修复、危险和放射性废物以及生物医学应用。由于极性耦合、快速均匀的加热、热和非热效应，MW/PS 过程的耦合能够产生高速率的硫酸根。此外，发现在 MW/PS 系统中添加过渡金属基催化剂和介电非金属催化剂可以提高系统的氧化效率。在这篇综述中，讨论了 MW 活化过硫酸盐/过氧单硫酸盐（MW/PS 或 MW/PMS）工艺在各种系统环境修复中的基本原理和应用，包括含有药物、不同染料、酚类化合物、污染土壤和渗滤液处理的废水。 . 而且，强调了存在/不存在催化剂的情况下 MW/PS 和 MW/PMS 系统的机理和最新进展。最后，解决了未来发展的混合技术方法。