ABSTRACT

The increase in the world population creates the need for sustainable food production and the use of synthetic fertilizers with growth-promoting bacteria. The objective of this research was to evaluate the acidity on the physiological and productive variables of wheat inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and treated with osmoprotective additives. Combinations of A. brasilense, osmoprotectant and chemical treatment were evaluated in wheat seeds planted in contrasting acidity soil (pHs: 4.8 and 6.5). Evaluations of the physiological parameters were carried out in the foliar tissue (hydrogen peroxide content, superoxide dismutase activity, lipid peroxidation, content of chlorophyll a, b, and total and carotenoid and nitrate reductase enzyme activity) during the vegetative period and flowering. The grain yield components were evaluated after the physiological maturation. Plants grown in uncorrected soil acidity (pH: 4.8) showed higher lipid peroxidation. The other plants (pH: 6.5) have higher levels of nitrate reductase. Higher nitrate reductase activity was also observed in plants inoculated with A. brasilense. Therefore, in soil acidity 6.5, both A. brasilense isolate or combined with osmoprotective additive increased the grain yield. Nevertheless, the osmoprotectant application did not attenuate the effects of the chemical treatment of seeds and exerted a negative effect to inoculation with A. brasilense.

摘要

世界人口的增加产生了对可持续粮食生产和使用具有促进生长的细菌的合成肥料的需求。本研究的目的是评估酸度对接种巴西固氮螺菌和渗透保护添加剂处理的小麦的生理和生产变量的影响。A. brasilense的组合、渗透保护剂和化学处理对种植在对比酸性土壤（pH 值：4.8 和 6.5）中的小麦种子进行了评估。在营养期和开花期对叶组织的生理参数（过氧化氢含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性、脂质过氧化、叶绿素a、b含量以及总和类胡萝卜素和硝酸还原酶活性）进行了评估。在生理成熟后评价籽粒产量成分。在未经校正的土壤酸度（pH：4.8）中生长的植物表现出较高的脂质过氧化。其他植物（pH：6.5）具有较高水平的硝酸还原酶。在接种A. brasilense的植物中也观察到较高的硝酸还原酶活性。因此，在土壤酸度 6.5 时，无论是A. brasilense分离或与渗透保护添加剂组合可增加粮食产量。然而，渗透保护剂的应用并未减弱种子化学处理的效果，并对接种A. brasilense 产生负面影响。