ABSTRACT

Many estuaries are squeezed between sea-level rise, coastal hardening and adverse cumulative effects from unsustainable catchment activities. In Aotearoa New Zealand, there is little planning to provide future accommodation space for estuaries. A complex knot of policies and plans, and accompanying poor implementation also affect ecological sustainability. We examine these issues for Brooklands Lagoon/Te Riu o Te Aika Kawa, a tidal lagoon northeast of Christchurch/Ōtautahi. It is within the takiwā of Ngāi Tahu iwi and Ngāi Tūāhuriri hapū, and the jurisdictions of Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury. The estuary is influenced by three rivers, and surrounding land use is managed under three different statutory resource management plans, along with several non-regulatory strategies and organisational management plans. However, these plans are poorly integrated and estuarine ecological health is compromised. The incoming tide of resource management and local government reform will add complexity, but also an opportunity to accommodate and enhance the estuary as a blue carbon sink, and to restore cultural and ecological values. This requires specific recognition of estuaries in the proposed managed retreat and spatial planning laws, and within the replacement resource management statute. Legal recognition of Indigenous customary rights could also produce novel governance models to improve management.

摘要

许多河口在海平面上升、海岸硬化和不可持续的集水区活动造成的不利累积影响之间受到挤压。在新西兰 Aotearoa，几乎没有计划为河口提供未来的住宿空间。复杂的政策和计划结以及伴随的执行不力也会影响生态可持续性。我们研究了 Brooklands Lagoon/Te Riu o Te Aika Kawa，基督城/Ōtautahi 东北部的潮汐泻湖的这些问题。它位于 Ngāi Tahu iwi 和 Ngāi Tūāhuriri hapū 的 takiwā 范围内，以及基督城市议会和坎特伯雷环境部的管辖范围内。河口受三条河流的影响，周边的土地利用由三种不同的法定资源管理计划以及若干非监管战略和组织管理计划进行管理。然而，这些计划整合不力，河口生态健康受到损害。即将到来的资源管理和地方政府改革的浪潮将增加复杂性，但也是容纳和提升河口作为蓝色碳汇、恢复文化和生态价值的机会。这需要在拟议的管理撤退和空间规划法以及替代资源管理法规中具体承认河口。对土著习惯权利的法律承认也可以产生新的治理模式来改善管理。并恢复文化和生态价值。这需要在拟议的管理撤退和空间规划法以及替代资源管理法规中具体承认河口。对土著习惯权利的法律承认也可以产生新的治理模式来改善管理。并恢复文化和生态价值。这需要在拟议的管理撤退和空间规划法以及替代资源管理法规中具体承认河口。对土著习惯权利的法律承认也可以产生新的治理模式来改善管理。