Abstract

Elemental phosphorus (P) is key to all life forms on earth. Efficient P management and control in natural environments especially in water bodies is of paramount importance to the balance and stability of the ecosystem on both local and global scales. In the past decades, there have been numerous efforts devoted to the P analysis as well as on its efficient removal in water. However, natural occurrence of P species is in diverse forms with different properties, some even yet to be known, posing challenges to current analytic methods and removal technologies. In this review, we make an attempt to clarify the current advances on the analysis of different P species in water as well as the corresponding removal strategies. We hope to provide a new perspective for P management purpose, i.e., linking the P speciation analysis with the removal strategies, and offer a complementary guidance for researchers that are normally specialized in either field. Moreover, we envision future directions in both fields, and address the need for the development of P species-orientated removal strategies with high efficiency and selectivity based on advanced analytic technologies.

摘要

元素磷 (P) 是地球上所有生命形式的关键。在自然环境中，特别是在水体中，有效的 P 管理和控制对于当地和全球范围内生态系统的平衡和稳定至关重要。在过去的几十年中，人们在 P 分析及其在水中的有效去除方面付出了大量努力。然而，P物种的自然存在形式多种多样，具有不同的性质，有些甚至尚不为人所知，对当前的分析方法和去除技术提出了挑战。在这篇综述中，我们试图阐明目前对水中不同磷形态的分析进展以及相应的去除策略。我们希望为 P 管理目的提供一个新的视角，即将 P 形态分析与去除策略联系起来，并为通常专注于任一领域的研究人员提供补充指导。此外，我们展望了这两个领域的未来发展方向，并解决了基于先进分析技术开发高效、选择性的 P 物种导向去除策略的需求。