Integrated photonic active beamforming can significantly reduce the size and cost of coherent imagers for LiDAR and medical imaging applications. In current architectures, the complexity of photonic and electronic circuitry linearly increases with the desired imaging resolution. We propose a novel photonic transceiver architecture based on co-prime sampling techniques that breaks this trade-off and achieves the full (radiating-element-limited) field of view (FOV) for a 2D aperture with a single-frequency laser. Using only order-of-$N$ radiating elements, this architecture achieves beamwidth and sidelobe level (SLL) performance equivalent to a transceiver with order-of-$N^2$ elements with half-wavelength spacing. Furthermore, we incorporate a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) row–column drive methodology to reduce the number of required electrical drivers for this architecture from order of $N$ to order of $\sqrt{N}$. A silicon photonics implementation of this architecture using two 64-element apertures, one for transmitting and one for receiving, requires only 34 PAM electrical drivers and achieves a transceiver SLL of $-11.3\mathrm{dB}$ with 1026 total resolvable spots, and 0.6° beamwidth within a $23°\times 16.3°$ FOV.

中文翻译：

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使用低复杂度共素光子波束形成收发器实现全无栅瓣视场

集成光子主动波束成形可以显着降低用于激光雷达和医学成像应用的相干成像器的尺寸和成本。在当前架构中，光子和电子电路的复杂性随着所需的成像分辨率线性增加。我们提出了一种基于共质采样技术的新型光子收发器架构，它打破了这种权衡并实现了具有单频激光的 2D 孔径的完整（辐射元件限制）视场 (FOV)。仅使用顺序$ñ$辐射元件，这种架构实现的波束宽度和旁瓣电平（SLL）性能相当于一个收发器${ñ}^2$具有半波长间距的元素。此外，我们结合了脉冲幅度调制 (PAM) 行列驱动方法，以将该架构所需的电气驱动器数量从$ñ$订购$\sqrt{ñ}$. 该架构的硅光子学实现使用两个 64 元素孔径，一个用于发送，一个用于接收，只需要 34 个 PAM 电驱动器并实现收发器 SLL$-11.3\mathrm{D\; b}$具有 1026 个总可分辨光点和 0.6° 波束宽度$23°\times 16.3°$视场。