BACKGROUND The coronavirus pandemic has led to a situation without precedent in modern history. The aim of this study is to analyse the consequences after one year of the pandemic on a group of children and adolescents assessed at the beginning of the pandemic in 2020 and to determine the most effective ways of psychologically coping with this pandemic. METHOD Two different, but equivalent, groups with a total of 604 (study I, 2020) and 743 (study II, 2021) children and adolescents in residential care, foster families, kinship families or family strengthening programs in Spain were evaluated using the SDQ (mental health measure), KIDSCREEN-10 index (quality of life measure) and Kidcope (coping behaviour measure). An independent sample t-test and a decision tree analysis were used. RESULTS The mental health of children and adolescents decreased by 9.7%, and Self-Perceived quality of life did not change after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nonactive coping strategies predicted worse mental health and worse quality of life. Problem solving served as a protective factor. CONCLUSION One year after, the COVID-19 pandemic has an effect on the psychological wellbeing of children and adolescents, and the consequences can be reduced if proper coping strategies are used.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行期间弱势儿童的心理健康、生活质量和应对策略。

背景技术冠状病毒大流行导致了现代历史上没有先例的情况。本研究的目的是分析大流行一年后对 2020 年大流行开始时评估的一组儿童和青少年的后果，并确定从心理上应对这一流行病的最有效方法。方法 使用 SDQ 评估了两个不同但相当的组，共有 604 名（研究 I，2020 年）和 743 名（研究 II，2021 年）在西班牙接受寄宿照料、寄养家庭、亲属家庭或家庭巩固计划的儿童和青少年（心理健康测量）、KIDSCREEN-10 指数（生活质量测量）和 Kidcope（应对行为测量）。使用了独立样本 t 检验和决策树分析。结果 儿童和青少年的心理健康下降了 9.7%，在 COVID-19 大流行一年后，自我感知的生活质量没有改变。非主动应对策略预示着更差的心理健康和更差的生活质量。解决问题是一种保护因素。结论 一年后，COVID-19 大流行对儿童和青少年的心理健康产生了影响，如果使用适当的应对策略，可以减少后果。