Anthocyanins have been found to be responsible for the pigmentation of red, purple and blue colors in plants. MicroRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. However, few miRNAs and their corresponding functions related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in ornamental kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) have been reported. In this study, small RNA (sRNA) and degradome libraries from inner and outer leaves (IL and OL) of ornamental kale line “Pigeon Red” were constructed, respectively. Totally, 139 known and 14 novel miRNAs were identified by sRNA sequencing, and 304 target genes cleaved by 92 bo-miRNAs were identified by degradome sequencing. Of these, 5 miRNAs and their corresponding targets were potentially involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis. And 35 miRNAs were differently expressed between IL and OL. Integrated analysis of sRNA-Seq, degradome sequencing and RNA-Seq revealed that bo-miR828 and its targets potentially play a key role in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in ornamental kale leaves. Finally, an inverse correlation between the expression of bo-miR828 and its targets was revealed by both qRT-PCR and high-throughput sequencing. These results represented a comprehensive expression profiling of miRNAs related to anthocyanin accumulation in B.oleracea var. acephala and provided important clues for understanding the regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis mediated by miRNA in Brassica crops.

已发现花青素与植物中红色、紫色和蓝色的色素沉着有关。微小RNA（miRNA）在植物花青素生物合成的调控中发挥着重要作用。然而，很少有与观赏羽衣甘蓝（ Brassica oleracea）中花青素生物合成相关的miRNA及其相应功能。变种。acephala) 已被报道。在本研究中，分别构建了观赏羽衣甘蓝“鸽红”内外叶和外叶（IL 和 OL）的小 RNA（sRNA）和降解组文库。sRNA测序共鉴定出139个已知miRNA和14个新miRNA，降解组测序鉴定出被92个bo-miRNA切割的304个靶基因。其中，5 种 miRNA 及其相应的靶标可能参与了花青素的生物合成。35个miRNA在IL和OL之间表达不同。对 sRNA-Seq、降解组测序和 RNA-Seq 的综合分析表明，bo-miR828 及其靶标可能在调节观赏羽衣甘蓝叶中的花青素生物合成中发挥关键作用。最后，qRT-PCR和高通量测序均揭示了bo-miR828的表达与其靶标之间的负相关。这些结果代表了与花青素积累相关的 miRNA 的全面表达谱B.oleracea var. acephala 为了解芸苔属作物中 miRNA 介导的花青素生物合成调控网络提供了重要线索。