Redox flow batteries are promising technologies for large-scale, long-duration energy storage applications. Among them, non-aqueous redox flow batteries (NARFB) represent a transformative flow battery system since NARFBs potentially offer a higher energy density than aqueous flow batteries. However, many technical challenges remain for NARFBs, including the lack of high-performance membranes, low solubility of redox materials, and poor cycling efficiencies. Membranes serve a vital function in NARFBs, as they allow for selective ion transport while providing separation between the anolyte and catholyte. NARFB membrane development is an emerging research area, and this article reviews their design and critical factors that influence membrane properties, including solvent uptake, ion transport, and redox species permeability. A greater understanding of membrane behavior in non-aqueous solutions provides design principles for developing next-generation membranes for NARFB. Finally, we summarize the challenges, target metrics, and future perspectives for NARFBs.

氧化还原液流电池是用于大规模、长时间储能应用的有前途的技术。其中，非水系氧化还原液流电池（NARFB）代表了一种变革性的液流电池系统，因为 NARFB 可能提供比水系液流电池更高的能量密度。然而，NARFBs仍然存在许多技术挑战，包括缺乏高性能膜、氧化还原材料的溶解度低以及循环效率差。膜在 NARFB 中起着至关重要的作用，因为它们允许选择性离子传输，同时提供阳极液和阴极液之间的分离。NARFB 膜开发是一个新兴的研究领域，本文回顾了它们的设计和影响膜性能的关键因素，包括溶剂吸收、离子传输和氧化还原物质渗透性。对非水溶液中膜行为的更深入了解为开发下一代 NARFB 膜提供了设计原则。最后，我们总结了 NARFB 的挑战、目标指标和未来前景。