Over the past few years, we have seen an explosion of novel genetically encoded tools for measuring and manipulating metabolism in live cells and animals. Here, we will review the genetically encoded tools that are available, describe how these tools can be used and outline areas where future development is needed in this fast-paced field. We will focus on tools for direct measurement and manipulation of metabolites. Metabolites are master regulators of metabolism and physiology through their action on metabolic enzymes, signaling enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors, among others. We hope that this Perspective will encourage more people to use these novel reagents or even join this exciting new field to develop novel tools for measuring and manipulating metabolism.

在过去的几年里，我们看到了用于测量和操纵活细胞和动物新陈代谢的新型基因编码工具的爆炸式增长。在这里，我们将回顾可用的基因编码工具，描述如何使用这些工具，并概述在这个快节奏的领域中未来需要发展的领域。我们将专注于直接测量和操作代谢物的工具。代谢物通过它们对代谢酶、信号酶、离子通道和转录因子等的作用而成为代谢和生理的主要调节剂。我们希望这个观点将鼓励更多人使用这些新试剂，甚至加入这个令人兴奋的新领域，开发测量和操纵新陈代谢的新工具。