An out-of-phase pattern of fishery between anchovy and sardine exists in upwelling systems of different geographical locations. We examined the inverse relationship of anchovy (Stolephorus sp., Engraulidae) and sardine (Sardinella longiceps, Clupeidae) fishery along the coast of the south-eastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) by analysing the annual landing data of Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa states. Landings of anchovy and sardine showed wide fluctuations with distinct episodes of abundance and decline. We selected anchovy period (1984–1996) and sardine period (2000–2013) for close examination according to the environmental data availability. The study reveals that the observed inverse fishery along the coast of SEAS is well connected to regional environmental parameters and global climate variability. During the abundant anchovy period, the anomalies of surface currents were observed towards the north and also towards the coast during the spawning periods of anchovy (March–May, October–December). The pattern of surface current anomalies is reversed during the abundant sardine period. Anomalies of surface current is directed towards offshore during the early life stage of sardine (June–September), but it reversed towards the coast during the abundant sardine period. Similarly, an opposite upwelling pattern is noted in both species’ spawning seasons during the anchovy and sardine abundant periods. During these periods, the spatial distribution of global surface air temperature and wind anomalies showed contrasting spatial patterns and hence they are related to various climate indices in sardine and anchovy abundant periods in the SEAS.

中文翻译：

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阿拉伯海东南海岸鳀鱼-沙丁鱼逆捕渔业之谜与气候变率

在不同地理位置的上升流系统中，鳀鱼和沙丁鱼之间存在不同步的捕捞模式。我们研究了鳀鱼 ( Stolephorus sp., Engraulidae) 和沙丁鱼 ( Sardinella longiceps通过分析喀拉拉邦、卡纳塔克邦和果阿邦的年度登陆数据，在阿拉伯海东南部 (SEAS) 沿岸开展渔业捕捞。鳀鱼和沙丁鱼的上岸量波动很大，有明显的丰度和衰落。我们根据环境数据的可用性选择了凤尾鱼时期（1984-1996）和沙丁鱼时期（2000-2013）进行仔细检查。研究表明，在 SEAS 沿岸观察到的逆向渔业与区域环境参数和全球气候变率密切相关。在鳀鱼丰产期，在鳀鱼产卵期（3-5月、10-12月）观察到地表水流向北和向海岸的异常。在沙丁鱼丰富时期，地表电流异常的模式是相反的。在沙丁鱼生命的早期阶段（6-9 月），地表水流异常流向近海，但在沙丁鱼盛产期则向海岸方向逆转。同样，在鳀鱼和沙丁鱼丰富时期这两个物种的产卵季节都出现了相反的上升流模式。在这些时期，全球地表气温和风异常的空间分布呈现出对比鲜明的空间格局，因此它们与SEAS沙丁鱼和鳀鱼丰富期的各种气候指数有关。在鳀鱼和沙丁鱼丰富时期，这两个物种的产卵季节都出现了相反的上升流模式。在这些时期，全球地表气温和风异常的空间分布呈现出对比鲜明的空间格局，因此它们与SEAS沙丁鱼和鳀鱼丰富期的各种气候指数有关。在鳀鱼和沙丁鱼丰富时期，这两个物种的产卵季节都出现了相反的上升流模式。在这些时期，全球地表气温和风异常的空间分布呈现出对比鲜明的空间格局，因此它们与SEAS沙丁鱼和鳀鱼丰富期的各种气候指数有关。