Protected areas (PAs) are key to conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services globally, but their effectiveness increasingly depends on the ability of the surrounding agricultural areas to support biodiversity and secure connectivity at the landscape level. This requires monitoring the broader multi-use landscapes in which PAs exist and identifying the landscape characteristics that support rich, functional wildlife communities. Here, we investigated the species richness and habitat use patterns of a mammal community in relation to different landscape variables and land use and land cover (LULC) types in a PA and its surrounding agricultural lands in the Cerrado. We first used a hierarchical multi-species occupancy model with input camera trap data and eight landscape variables (vegetation productivity, phenology, and heterogeneity, distance to water, roads and settlements, and the PA, slope, and elevation) to estimate the species richness and habitat use of 29 mammal species across the landscape. We then analyzed the relationships between the species richness and habitat use and the landscape variables at the site level, as well as the distribution of species at the landscape level in relation to the different natural and agricultural LULC types. We found that most species are present in the native forest areas across the landscape and that many species are also present in the croplands surrounding the PA. The results also showed that species’ habitat use was especially determined by the productivity and heterogeneity of the vegetation cover, with a particularly strong positive relation in grasslands and pastures. These results suggest that the private properties surrounding the PA might be playing an essential role in supporting biodiversity in this region and provide insights on management practices that could largely contribute to maintaining or promoting a multifunctional landscape, such as maintaining the remaining forests or increasing the productivity and the heterogeneity (e.g., by increasing tree cover) in pastures.

保护区 (PA) 是保护全球生物多样性和生态系统服务的关键，但其有效性越来越取决于周边农业区支持生物多样性和确保景观层面连通性的能力。这需要监测保护区存在的更广泛的多用途景观，并确定支持丰富、功能齐全的野生动物群落的景观特征。在这里，我们调查了哺乳动物群落的物种丰富度和栖息地利用模式，这些模式与 PA 及其周围的 Cerrado 农业用地中的不同景观变量和土地利用和土地覆盖 (LULC) 类型相关。我们首先使用带有输入相机陷阱数据和八个景观变量（植被生产力、物候和异质性、到水、道路和定居点的距离，以及 PA、坡度和海拔）来估计整个景观中 29 种哺乳动物的物种丰富度和栖息地利用。然后，我们分析了物种丰富度和栖息地利用与场地层面的景观变量之间的关系，以及景观层面的物种分布与不同的自然和农业 LULC 类型相关。我们发现大多数物种存在于整个景观的原生森林地区，许多物种也存在于 PA 周围的农田中。结果还表明，物种的栖息地利用特别取决于植被覆盖的生产力和异质性，在草原和牧场中具有特别强的正相关关系。