Engineered human cardiac tissues facilitate progress in regenerative medicine, disease modelling and drug development. In this Perspective, we reflect on the most notable advances in cardiac tissue engineering from the past two decades by analysing pivotal studies and critically examining the most consequential developments. This retrospective analysis led us to identify key milestones and to outline a set of opportunities, along with their associated challenges, for the further advancement of engineered human cardiac tissues.

中文翻译：

---

从二十年的进展分析心脏组织工程的机遇和挑战

工程人体心脏组织促进了再生医学、疾病建模和药物开发的进展。在这个观点中，我们通过分析关键研究和批判性地检查最重要的发展，反思过去二十年来心脏组织工程最显着的进步。这项回顾性分析使我们确定了关键里程碑，并概述了一系列机会及其相关挑战，以进一步推进工程人体心脏组织的发展。