The present study aims to investigate cross-cultural differences and similarities in maternal and children's adjustment to COVID-19 restrictions in Spain and Italy, with reference to determinants of maternal stress. A total of 950 mothers (45.4% from Spain, n = 432, Mage = 39.6, years old, SD = 5.2 and 54.5% from Italy, n = 518, Mage = 40.5, years, SD = 6.4) of children aged 3-17 years old completed questionnaires on sociodemographic and COVID-19 contextual factors, parenting-related variables, and children externalizing behaviors using an online survey. We examined determinants of parental stress in both countries. Mothers reported a significant increase in parental stress and child externalizing behaviors during COVID-19 home confinement, with more remarkable perceived changes in the Spanish group. Hierarchical linear regressions showed that child age and externalizing behaviors, maternal psychological distress, quality of coparenting and pre-COVID-19 levels of parental stress significantly predicted parental stress in both Italian and Spanish mothers during the pandemic. Results confirmed the negative psychological impact of COVID-19 home confinement on parents and children across countries and revealed common underlying factors responsible for parental stress in Italy and Spain. These findings highlighted the need for communitarian preventive programs to reduce mental health difficulties and parental stress in mothers and behavioral difficulties in children during pandemic restrictions. Particular attention should be paid to young mothers and children, and the key role of positive partner support and coparenting relationships should be considered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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意大利和西班牙 COVID-19 爆发期间孕产妇压力的决定因素：跨文化调查。


本研究旨在探讨西班牙和意大利孕产妇和儿童对 COVID-19 限制的适应方面的跨文化差异和相似之处，并参考孕产妇压力的决定因素。总共 950 名母亲（45.4% 来自西班牙，n = 432，Mage = 39.6，岁，SD = 5.2，54.5% 来自意大利，n = 518，Mage = 40.5，岁，SD = 6.4）3 岁以下儿童17 岁的学生通过在线调查完成了有关社会人口统计学和 COVID-19 背景因素、养育相关变量以及儿童外化行为的调查问卷。我们研究了两国父母压力的决定因素。母亲们报告说，在 COVID-19 居家隔离期间，父母的压力和孩子的外化行为显着增加，其中西班牙群体的感知变化更为显着。分层线性回归显示，儿童年龄和外化行为、母亲的心理困扰、共同养育的质量和 COVID-19 之前的父母压力水平可以显着预测大流行期间意大利和西班牙母亲的父母压力。结果证实了 COVID-19 居家隔离对各国父母和儿童的负面心理影响，并揭示了意大利和西班牙造成父母压力的常见潜在因素。这些发现强调了社区预防计划的必要性，以减少大流行限制期间母亲的心理健康困难和父母压力以及儿童的行为困难。应特别关注年轻母亲和儿童，并应考虑积极的伴侣支持和共同养育关系的关键作用。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。