ABSTRACT

There is a strong demand for compact and multiband antennas as wireless technologies become more integrated into automobiles. These antennas must be able to serve multiple services without compromising the size and installation space. In addition, the antenna incorporated should not affect the aesthetic appearance of the vehicle. This paper presents a compact multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna working at 2.45 GHz (Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/RFID) and ultra-wideband (UWB) frequencies. A basic rectangular monopole with a self-complementary structure is used to design the antenna element. The size of the antenna element is 20 × 22 mm². The proposed MIMO cube is developed with four antenna elements in cubical orientation to achieve compactness and better isolation. The overall dimension of the MIMO antenna is 35 × 22 mm². The diversity antenna shows impedance bandwidth of 2.4–11.5 GHz and isolation of more than 20 dB. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of the MIMO antenna is less than 0.2, diversity gain (DG) is greater than 9 dB, and total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) are less than −10 dB and 0.4 bits/s/Hz, respectively. The gain and efficiency are found to be greater than 1 dBi and 72%, respectively.

摘要

随着无线技术越来越多地集成到汽车中，对紧凑型和多波段天线的需求越来越大。这些天线必须能够在不影响尺寸和安装空间的情况下提供多种服务。此外，内置的天线不应影响车辆的美观。本文介绍了一种工作在 2.45 GHz（Wi-Fi/蓝牙/RFID）和超宽带 (UWB) 频率的紧凑型多输入多输出 (MIMO) 天线。采用具有自互补结构的基本矩形单极子来设计天线元件。天线元件的尺寸为 20 × 22 mm ². 拟议的 MIMO 立方体采用立方体方向的四个天线元件开发，以实现紧凑和更好的隔离。MIMO天线的整体尺寸为35×22 mm ²。分集天线的阻抗带宽为 2.4–11.5 GHz，隔离度超过 20 dB。MIMO天线的包络相关系数（ECC）小于0.2，分集增益（DG）大于9dB，总有源反射系数（TARC）和信道容量损耗（CCL）小于-10dB和0.4位/秒/赫兹，分别。发现增益和效率分别大于 1 dBi 和 72%。