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Nonaqueous Chemistry of Group 4 Oxo Clusters and Colloidal Metal Oxide Nanocrystals
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01008
Dietger Van den Eynden 1 , Rohan Pokratath 1 , Jonathan De Roo 1
Affiliation  

We review the nonaqueous precursor chemistry of the group 4 metals to gain insight into the formation of their oxo clusters and colloidal oxide nanocrystals. We first describe the properties and structures of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium oxides. Second, we introduce the different precursors that are used in the synthesis of oxo clusters and oxide nanocrystals. We review the structures of group 4 metal halides and alkoxides and their reactivity toward alcohols, carboxylic acids, etc. Third, we discuss fully condensed and atomically precise metal oxo clusters that could serve as nanocrystal models. By comparing the reaction conditions and reagents, we provide insight into the relationship between the cluster structure and the nature of the carboxylate capping ligands. We also briefly discuss the use of oxo clusters. Finally, we review the nonaqueous synthesis of group 4 oxide nanocrystals, including both surfactant-free and surfactant-assisted syntheses. We focus on their precursor chemistry and surface chemistry. By putting these results together, we connect the dots and obtain more insight into the fascinating chemistry of the group 4 metals. At the same time, we also identify gaps in our knowledge and thus areas for future research.

中文翻译:

第 4 组氧簇和胶体金属氧化物纳米晶体的非水化学

我们回顾了第 4 组金属的非水前体化学,以深入了解它们的氧簇和胶体氧化物纳米晶体的形成。我们首先描述钛、锆和铪氧化物的性质和结构。其次,我们介绍了用于合成氧簇和氧化物纳米晶体的不同前体。我们回顾了第 4 族金属卤化物和醇盐的结构及其对醇、羧酸等的反应性。第三,我们讨论了可以用作纳米晶体模型的完全凝聚和原子级精确的金属氧簇。通过比较反应条件和试剂,我们深入了解了簇结构与羧酸盐封端配体的性质之间的关系。我们还简要讨论了氧簇的使用。最后,我们回顾了第 4 族氧化物纳米晶体的非水合成,包括无表面活性剂和表面活性剂辅助的合成。我们专注于它们的前体化学和表面化学。通过将这些结果放在一起,我们将点点滴滴联系起来,并更深入地了解第 4 族金属的迷人化学。同时,我们还发现了我们知识上的差距,从而确定了未来研究的领域。
更新日期:2022-04-25
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