Abstract

Safe drinking water’ supply is an essential service and depends directly on the water treatment that produces water treatment sludge (WTS) as a product, whose final destination varies and remains a challenge. The ecotoxicity assessment of the WTS address the ecological implications of the WTS disposal but these information is still scarce in the literature. In this sense, we did a systematic review of the ecotoxicological studies on WTS using databases from six platforms. From the 785 papers recovered; 16 studies were eligible and showed the ecotoxicity assays’ applicability to evaluate the WTS. We discussed WTS ecotoxicity considering sample characterization; terrestrial and aquatic toxicity assays; and WTS challenges. WTS proved to be a highly heterogeneous matrix composed mainly of coagulant precipitates, including Al and Fe. Studies lack consensus concerning the most representative/sensitive species for evaluating WTS’ toxicity. Crustaceans were the most studied aquatic group, although algae species were more sensitive. Besides, soil ecotoxicity assessed only plant growth, and a single study used the earthworm. Even papers used bioassays to indicate the recycling WTS’ feasibility, there is a lack of specific legislation regarding the WTS reuse. Furthermore, are necessary a regulation for WTS management that involves an ecological risk assessment.

摘要

安全饮用水供应是一项基本服务，直接依赖于产生水处理污泥 (WTS) 作为产品的水处理，其最终目的地各不相同，仍然是一个挑战。WTS 的生态毒性评估解决了 WTS 处置的生态影响，但这些信息在文献中仍然很少。从这个意义上说，我们使用来自六个平台的数据库对 WTS 的生态毒理学研究进行了系统评价。从回收的 785 篇论文中；16 项研究符合条件，并显示了生态毒性测定对评估 WTS 的适用性。我们讨论了考虑样品表征的 WTS 生态毒性；陆地和水生毒性试验；和 WTS 挑战。WTS 被证明是一种高度异质的基质，主要由混凝沉淀物组成，包括 Al 和 Fe。研究缺乏关于评估 WTS 毒性的最具代表性/敏感物种的共识。甲壳类动物是研究最多的水生动物，尽管藻类更敏感。此外，土壤生态毒性仅评估植物生长，一项研究使用了蚯蚓。即使是论文使用生物测定来表明回收 WTS 的可行性，也缺乏关于 WTS 再利用的具体立法。此外，还需要一项涉及生态风险评估的 WTS 管理法规。即使是论文使用生物测定来表明回收 WTS 的可行性，也缺乏关于 WTS 再利用的具体立法。此外，还需要一项涉及生态风险评估的 WTS 管理法规。即使是论文使用生物测定来表明回收 WTS 的可行性，也缺乏关于 WTS 再利用的具体立法。此外，还需要一项涉及生态风险评估的 WTS 管理法规。