Root hairs matter at field scale for maize shoot growth and nutrient uptake, but root trait plasticity is primarily triggered by texture and drought,Plant and Soil

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Root hairs matter at field scale for maize shoot growth and nutrient uptake, but root trait plasticity is primarily triggered by texture and drought
Plant and Soil ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-04-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s11104-022-05434-0
Doris Vetterlein _{1,

2} , Maxime Phalempin ₁ , Eva Lippold ₁ , Steffen Schlüter ₁ , Susanne Schreiter ₁ , Mutez A. Ahmed ₃ , Andrea Carminati ₄ , Patrick Duddek ₄ , Helena Jorda ₅ , Mathieu Javaux ₅ , Jan Vanderborght ₅ , Gerd Patrick Bienert ₆ , Manuela Desiree Bienert ₆ , Mika Tarkka ₇ , Minh Ganther ₇ , Eva Oburger ₈ , Michael Santangeli _{8,

9}

Affiliation

Department of Soil System Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
Soil Science, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
Chair of Soil Physics, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), , University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
Physics of Soils and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
Agrosphere (IBG3), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, 52425, Juelich, Germany
Crop Physiology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 12, 85354, Freising, Germany
Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse. 4, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenzstrasse 24, 3430, Tulln an Der Donau, Austria
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria

Aims

Root hairs are important for uptake, especially for nutrients with low mobility in soils with high sorption capacity. Mutants with defective root hairs are expected to have lower nutrient uptake, unless they compensate with more root growth. Since root hairs can also contribute to the plant's water uptake their importance could change over the course of a growing season. It was our objective to investigate the role of root hairs under field conditions.

Methods

The root hair mutant rth3 of Zea mays and the corresponding wild-type were grown for two years under field conditions on sand and loam.

Results

Shoot growth and P and K uptake of the plants were promoted by the presence of hairs at all growth stages. Differences between genotypes were greater on loam than on sand until tassel emergence, presumably as additional exploitation by hairs is more relevant in loam. Compensation for the absence of root hairs by increased root growth was not observed in absolute terms. The root to shoot ratio was higher for rth3 than for wild-type. Root traits showed high plasticity in response to texture, the most salient being a greater mean root diameter in sand, irrespective of genotype. The mechanism causing the increase in mean root diameter is still unknown. Root length density was higher in sand, which can be explained by a greater need for exploration than exploitation in this substrate.

Conclusion

The role of hairs for nutrient uptake could be confirmed under field conditions. The large impact of texture on root growth and consequences for carbon balance require further investigations.

中文翻译：

根毛在田间尺度上对玉米枝条生长和养分吸收很重要，但根部性状可塑性主要由质地和干旱触发

目标

根毛对于吸收很重要，特别是对于具有高吸附能力的土壤中流动性低的养分。预计具有缺陷根毛的突变体吸收的养分较低，除非它们补偿更多的根生长。由于根毛也有助于植物的水分吸收，因此它们的重要性可能会随着生长季节的变化而变化。我们的目标是研究根毛在田间条件下的作用。

方法

Zea mays的根毛突变体rth3和相应的野生型在沙地和壤土上的田间条件下生长了两年。

结果

在所有生长阶段，毛发的存在促进了植物的枝条生长和 P 和 K 的吸收。在流苏出现之前，壤土上的基因型差异比沙子上的差异更大，大概是因为毛发的额外利用在壤土中更相关。在绝对值上没有观察到通过增加根生长来补偿根毛的缺失。rth3的根冠比高于野生型。根性状对质地表现出高可塑性，最显着的是沙中更大的平均根直径，与基因型无关。导致平均根直径增加的机制仍然未知。沙子中的根长密度较高，这可以解释为对勘探的需求比在该基质中的开采需求更大。