Owing to the special structural characteristics and maximized efficiency, atomically dispersed catalysts (ADCs) with different atom sizes ranged from the single atom to clusters can bridge the gap between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Tremendous progress has been made in ADCs including developing advanced synthesis strategies, promoting electrochemical performance and unraveling the underlying fundamental mechanisms. Herein, the recent progress of ADCs ranged from single-atom to clusters has been systematically reviewed with emphasis on key issues of synthesis methods, stabilization strategies, performance evaluation, mechanistic understanding, integrated experimental and theoretical studies in typical applications of energy storage and conversion, including oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cell and metal-air battery, oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions in water splitting, hydrogen oxidation reactions, carbon dioxide reduction and nitrogen reduction reaction. Centering on the topics, the most up-to-date results are present, along with the perspectives and challenges for the future development of ADCs.

由于特殊的结构特征和最大化的效率，具有从单原子到簇的不同原子尺寸的原子分散催化剂（ADC）可以弥合非均相和均相催化之间的差距。ADC 取得了巨大进展，包括开发先进的合成策略、提高电化学性能和揭示潜在的基本机制。在此，系统综述了从单原子到簇的ADC的最新进展，重点关注了能量存储和转换典型应用中的合成方法、稳定策略、性能评估、机理理解、综合实验和理论研究等关键问题，包括燃料电池和金属空气电池中的氧还原反应，水分解、氢氧化反应、二氧化碳还原和氮还原反应中的析氧和析氢反应。围绕主题，呈现最新成果，以及对ADC未来发展的展望和挑战。